Insights into the bacterial community composition of farmed Caulerpa lentillifera: A comparison between contrasting health states

Abstract

The bacterial communities of Caulerpa lentillifera were studied during an outbreak of an unknown disease in a sea grape farm from Vietnam. Clear differences between healthy and diseased cases were observed at the order, genus, and Operational Taxonomic Unit (OTU) level. A richer diversity was detected in the diseased thalli of C. lentillifera , as well as the dominance of the orders Flavobacteriales (phylum Bacteroidetes) and Phycisphaerales (Planctomycetes). Aquibacter, Winogradskyella , and other OTUs of the family Flavobacteriaceae were hypothesized as detrimental bacteria, this family comprises some well‐known seaweed pathogens. Phycisphaera together with other Planctomycetes and Woeseia were probably saprophytes of C. lentillifera . The Rhodobacteraceae and Rhodovulum dominated the bacterial community composition of healthy C. lentillifera . The likely beneficial role of Bradyrhizobium, Paracoccus , and Brevundimonas strains on nutrient cycling and phytohormone production was discussed. The bleaching of diseased C. lentillifera might not only be associated with pathogens but also with an oxidative response. This study offers pioneering insights on the co‐occurrence of C. lentillifera ‐attached bacteria, potential detrimental or beneficial microbes, and a baseline for understanding the C. lentillifera holobiont. Further applied and basic research is urgently needed on C. lentillifera microbiome, shotgun metagenomic, metatranscriptomic, and metabolomic studies as well as bioactivity assays are recommended.

Microbial communities associated with the nursery stage of commercially cultivated seaweed Saccharina japonica in Southern China

“…al. 2020), Caulerpa lentillifera(Kopprio et al 2021) and Pyropia yezoensis(Ahmed et al 2021). However, at the genus level, Rubritalea was the dominant genus of S. japonica cultivated in both southern (in this study) and northern China(Han et al 2021).…”

Terpenes modulate bacterial and fungal growth and sorghum rhizobiome communities

“…By contrast, the relative abundance of the Pirellulales -related Pir4 clade was consistently reduced by the addition of terpenoids. While the ecological function of these bacteria is unclear, they have been reported as keystone taxa in rehabilitated soils and also as disease organisms of macroalgae ( 51 , 52 ). Unfortunately, none of our isolates matched Novosphingobium, Azovibrio, or Pirellulales OTUs so we were unable to follow up directly on their responses through bioassays.…”

Sea grapes (Caulerpa lentillifera J. Agardh, Chlorophyta) for human use: Structured review on recent research in cultivation, nutritional value, and post-harvest management

“…It accompanied research from the topic "Distribution", reporting on (re)discoveries of C. lentillifera in the Gulf of Mannar (Mary et al 2009) and Gulf of Kutch (Mantri 2004), India and Hainan Island, China (Gao et al 2020). The topic "Microbiome" encompassed four studies, of which half were on the application of "Post-harvest", namely the effect of season, washing (Pang et al 2022) and petrifilm aerobic count plate (ACP, Kudaka et al 2010) and the other half on "Cultivation", dealing with the microbiome of healthy and diseased C. lentillifera (Liang et al 2019;Kopprio et al 2021).…”

“…The packaging materials (Terada et al 2018;Stuthmann et al 2020), in addition to the environmental conditions during previous cultivation (Minh et al 2019) and during storage, influenced the quality of the sea grapes (Nutritional value; Stuthmann et al 2020). However, considering studies on C. lentillifera during cultivation, it is expected that temperature (Terada et al 2018), as well as the microbiome (Topic: "Microbiome", Application: "Cultivation; Liang et al 2019;Kopprio et al 2021) also have a major impact on the quality of the sea grapes during storage. The main costumer base for C. lentillifera is currently in Asia.…”