Perspective taking to assess self-personality: What's modified in Alzheimer's disease?

Ruby, Perrine; Collette, Fabienne; D’Argembeau, Arnaud; Peters, Frédéric; Degueldre, Christian; Balteau, Evelyne; Luxen, André; Maquet, Pierre; Salmon, Eric

doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.12.014

Cited by 83 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…The fact that these analyses were restricted to frontal regions of interest [7,8] or did not include confounding covariates such as dementia severity and demographical differences [15] might account for the differences. In agreement with the present study, other studies conducted on bv-FTD [39] and AD [4] patients, which controlled for the effect of several confounding variables, found that anosognosia measured with patientcaregiver discrepancies is associated with decreased perfusion in temporal regions (temporal pole and temporoparietal junction, respectively). Therefore, although we focused on a specific domain of anosognosia (namely anosognosia for behavioral disturbances), we believe that our results may be generalized to support the hypothesis that the temporoparietal regions, as opposed to frontal regions, are more relevant for anosognosia in FTD and CBS patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Anosognosia for Behavioral Disturbances in Frontotemporal Dementia and Corticobasal Syndrome: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study

Zamboni

Grafman

Krueger

et al. 2010

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Background: Patients with syndromes of the frontotemporal dementia spectrum are frequently unaware of their behavioral changes. Methods: Seventy patients with a clinical diagnosis of behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bv-FTD, n = 27), aphasic variant frontotemporal dementia (a-FTD, n = 12) and corticobasal syndrome (CBS, n = 31) participated in the study. Anosognosia for behavioral disturbances was measured as discrepancy between caregiver’s and patient’s ratings on the Frontal Systems Behavior Scale for present and premorbid behavioral symptoms. Voxel-based morphometry analysis of MRI data was performed to explore the association between anosognosia and gray matter loss. Results: Although behavioral symptoms were reported in all the groups, the comparison between present and premorbid anosognosia revealed that bv-FTD patients not only underestimated their present behavioral disturbances compared to their caregivers, but also overestimated their premorbidbehavioral disturbances. Across all groups, the degree of anosognosia for present behavioral impairment correlated with gray matter atrophy in a posterior region of the right superior temporal sulcus (adjacent to the temporoparietal junction). Conclusion: These results confirm the role of the right temporoparietal cortex in the genesis of anosognosia and suggest that, in clinical syndromes of the frontotemporal dementia spectrum, anosognosia is associated with the dysfunction of temporoparietal mechanisms of self versus others knowledge.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Anosognosia for Behavioral Disturbances in Frontotemporal Dementia and Corticobasal Syndrome: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study

Zamboni

Grafman

Krueger

et al. 2010

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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“…This result differs from previous findings indicating that MPFC engagement was not significant in AD patients during self-referential judgments (Ruby et al, 2009;Zamboni et al, 2012). This divergence may be explained by methodological differences.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Some studies investigated the neural correlates of this self-referential processing (i.e. the core self) in MCI and AD patients and suggested that, in many conditions, patients' brain functioning was modified during this process (Ruby et al, 2009;Zamboni et al, 2012). The core self might thus be altered in AD patients.…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive and neuroimaging evidence of impaired interaction between self and memory in Alzheimer's disease

Genon

Bahri

Collette

et al. 2014

Cortex

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In human cognition, self and memory processes strongly interact, as evidenced by the memory advantage for self-referential materials (Self Reference Effect (SRE) and Self Reference Recollection Effect (SRRE)). The current study examined this interaction at the behavioural level and its neural correlates in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Healthy older controls (HC) and AD patients performed trait-adjectives judgements either for selfrelevance or for other-relevance (encoding phase). In a first experiment, the encoding and subsequent yes-no recognition phases were administrated in an MRI scanner. Brain activation as measured by fMRI was examined during self-relevance judgements and anatomical images were used to search for correlation between the memory advantage for self-related items and grey matter density (GMD). In a second experiment, participants described the retrieval experience that had driven their recognition decisions (familiarity vs. recollective experience).The behavioural results revealed that the SRE and SRRE were impaired in AD patients compared to HC participants. Furthermore, verbal reports revealed that the retrieval of selfrelated information was preferentially associated with the retrieval of contextual details, such as source memory in the HC participants, but less so in the AD patients. Our imaging findings revealed that both groups activated the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) at encoding during self-relevance judgments. However, the variable and limited memory advantage for selfrelated information was associated with GMD in the lateral prefrontal cortex in the AD patients, a region supporting high-order processes linking self and memory. These findings suggest that even if AD patients engage MPFC during self-referential judgments, the retrieval of self-related memories is qualitatively and quantitatively impaired in relation with altered high-order processes in the lateral PFC.

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“…Age differences in making judgments about personality traits in regards to one's self have not been found (Keightley, Winocur, Burianova, Hongwanishkul, & Grady, 2006;Ruby et al, 2009), and the self reference effect in episodic memory is also preserved into older age (Glisky & Marquine, 2009;Gutchess, Kensinger, Yoon, & Schacter, 2007). Although this work suggests that some aspects of self-reference are not markedly altered as we age, some of the other types of related processing, mentioned above, are influenced by aging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Age differences in default and reward networks during processing of personally relevant information

Grady

Grigg

2012

Neuropsychologia

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We recently found activity in default mode and reward-related regions during self-relevant tasks in young adults. Here we examine the effect of aging on engagement of the default network (DN) and reward network (RN) during these tasks. Previous studies have shown reduced engagement of the DN and reward areas in older adults, but the influence of age on these circuits during selfrelevant tasks has not been examined. The tasks involved judging personality traits about one's self or a well known other person. There were no age differences in reaction time on the tasks but older adults had more positive Self and Other judgments, whereas younger adults had more negative judgments. Both groups had increased DN and RN activity during the self-relevant tasks, relative to non-self tasks, but this increase was reduced in older compared to young adults. Functional connectivity of both networks during the tasks was weaker in the older relative to younger adults. Intrinsic functional connectivity, measured at rest, also was weaker in the older adults in the DN, but not in the RN. These results suggest that, in younger adults, the processing of personally relevant information involves robust activation of and functional connectivity within these two networks, in line with current models that emphasize strong links between the self and reward. The finding that older adults had more positive judgments, but weaker engagement and less consistent functional connectivity in these networks, suggests potential brain mechanisms for the "positivity bias" with aging.

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Perspective taking to assess self-personality: What's modified in Alzheimer's disease?

Cited by 83 publications

References 101 publications

Anosognosia for Behavioral Disturbances in Frontotemporal Dementia and Corticobasal Syndrome: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study

Anosognosia for Behavioral Disturbances in Frontotemporal Dementia and Corticobasal Syndrome: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study

Cognitive and neuroimaging evidence of impaired interaction between self and memory in Alzheimer's disease

Age differences in default and reward networks during processing of personally relevant information

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