Age differences in default and reward networks during processing of personally relevant information

Grady, Cheryl L.; Grigg, Omer; Ng, Charisa

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.03.024

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…Numerous prior studies have shown reduced connectivity within the default network during rest (Andrews-Hanna et al, 2007; Damoiseaux et al, 2008; Grady, Grigg, & Ng, 2012; Hampson et al, 2012; Meier et al, 2012; Mevel et al, 2013; Onoda, Ishihara, & Yamaguchi, 2012; Sala-Llonch et al, 2012; Saverino, Grigg, Churchill, & Grady, 2015). As reviewed above, studies also report altered connectivity between default and other brain networks (Betzel et al, 2014; Chan et al, 2014; Geerligs et al, 2015; Keller et al, 2015; Meunier et al, 2009; Wu et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attenuated anticorrelation between the default and dorsal attention networks with aging: evidence from task and rest

Spreng

Stevens

Viviano

et al. 2016

Neurobiology of Aging

211

166

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Anticorrelation between the default and dorsal attention networks is a central feature of human functional brain organization. Hallmarks of aging include impaired default network modulation and declining medial temporal lobe (MTL) function. However, it remains unclear if this anticorrelation is preserved into older adulthood during task performance, or how this is related to the intrinsic architecture of the brain. We hypothesized that older adults would show reduced within- and increased between-network functional connectivity (FC) across the default and dorsal attention networks. To test this hypothesis, we examined the effects of aging on task-related and intrinsic FC using fMRI during an autobiographical planning task known to engage the default network and during rest, respectively, with young (n=72) and older (n=79) participants. The task-related FC analysis revealed reduced anticorrelation with aging. At rest, there was a robust double dissociation, with older adults showing a pattern of reduced within-network FC, but increased between-network FC, across both networks, relative to young adults. Moreover, older adults showed reduced intrinsic resting-state FC of the MTL with both networks suggesting a fractionation of the MTL memory system in healthy aging. These findings demonstrate age-related dedifferentiation among these competitive large-scale networks during both task and rest, consistent with the idea that age-related changes are associated with a breakdown in the intrinsic functional architecture within and among large-scale brain networks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attenuated anticorrelation between the default and dorsal attention networks with aging: evidence from task and rest

Spreng

Stevens

Viviano

et al. 2016

Neurobiology of Aging

211

166

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Because of the coherent pattern of activation observed in these regions during a resting state, researchers termed this set of regions the “default mode network” (84). Studies have consistently shown that with advanced age, coordinated activity between the areas of the default mode network decreases, suggesting a disruption of the endogenously evoked brain signal with aging (80, 82, 83). Furthermore, studies have shown that under cognitive challenge, older adults have more difficulty switching out of the default state, resulting in default mode activity that is more active and less suppressed during a task in older adults compared to younger adults (81, 87).…”

Section: The Impact Of Obesity On Cognition Across the Adult Lifespanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and Aging

Bischof

Park

2015

Psychosomatic Medicine

140

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Objective This review focuses on the relationship between obesity and aging and how these interact together to affect cognitive function. The topics covered are guided by the Scaffolding Theory of Aging and Cognition (STAC; Park & Reuter-Lorenz, 2009—a conceptual model designed to relate brain structure and function to one’s level of cognitive ability. Methods The initial literature search was focused on normal aging and was guided by the key words, “aging, cognition, and obesity” in “PUBMED”. In a second search we added key words related to neuropathology including words “Alzheimer’s Disease”, “Vascular dementia” (VaD) and “Mild Cognitive Impairment” (MCI). Results The data suggest that being overweight or obese in midlife may be more detrimental to subsequent age-related cognitive decline than being overweight or obese at later stages of the lifespan. These effects are likely mediated by the accelerated effects obesity has on the integrity of neural structures, including both gray and white matter. Further epidemiological studies have provided evidence that obesity in mid-life is linked to an increased risk for AD and VaD, most likely via an increased accumulation of AD pathology. Conclusion While it is clear that obesity negatively affects cognition, more work is needed to better understand how aging plays a role and how brain structure and brain function might mediate the relationship of obesity and age on cognition. Guided by the STAC and the STAC-R models, we provide a roadmap for future investigations of the role of obesity on cognition across the lifespan.

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“…Age differences in functional connectivity have been examined extensively for the default network (e.g., Andrews-Hanna et al, 2007;Damoiseaux et al, 2008;Grady et al, 2012), and to some extent for other brain networks (Allen et al, 2011;Campbell et al, 2012;Onoda et al, 2012;Rieckmann et al, 2011;Thomas et al, 2013;Tomasi and Volkow, 2012;Voss et al, 2010). Weaker functional connectivity has been reported specifically within the SLN or in SLN nodes in older adults (Allen et al, 2011;Geerligs et al, in press;He et al, 2014;Meier et al, 2012;Onoda et al, 2012;Tomasi and Volkow, 2012), leading us to predict age-related reductions in SLN functional connectivity in our results, although connectivity within the striatum, a node of the SLN, has been shown to increase with age (Allen et al, 2011;Tomasi and Volkow, 2012;Wang et al, 2012).…”

Section: The Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Age differences in brain activity related to unsuccessful declarative memory retrieval

2015

Self Cite

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Although memory recall is known to be reduced with normal aging, little is known about the patterns of brain activity that accompany these recall failures. By assessing faulty memory, we can identify the brain regions engaged during retrieval attempts in the absence of successful memory and determine the impact of aging on this functional activity. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine age differences in brain activity associated with memory failure in three memory retrieval tasks: autobiographical (AM), episodic (EM) and semantic (SM). Compared to successful memory retrieval, both age groups showed more activity when they failed to recall a memory in regions consistent with the salience network (SLN), a brain network also associated with non-memory errors. Both groups also showed strong functional coupling among SLN regions during incorrect trials and in intrinsic patterns of functional connectivity. In comparison to young adults, older adults demonstrated (1) less activity within the SLN during unsuccessful AM trials; (2) weaker intrinsic functional connectivity between SLN nodes and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; and (3) less differentiation of SLN functional connectivity during incorrect trials across memory conditions. These results suggest that the SLN is engaged during recall failures, as it is for non-memory errors, which may be because errors in general have particular salience for adapting behavior. In older adults, the dedifferentiation of functional connectivity within the SLN across memory conditions and the reduction of functional coupling between it and prefrontal cortex may indicate poorer internetwork communication and less flexible use of cognitive control processes, either while retrieval is attempted or when monitoring takes place after retrieval has failed. Keywords fMRI; aging; episodic memory; salience network; frontal lobe IntroductionA number of studies have provided extensive evidence of the neural circuitry that supports memory retrieval (e.g., Cabeza and Nyberg, 2000;Spaniol et al., 2009 CIHR Author Manuscript CIHR Author Manuscript CIHR Author Manuscript2008), as well as evidence of how aging influences this circuitry (e.g., Cabeza et al., 2005;Grady, 2012;Rajah and D'Esposito, 2005). However, most research has investigated how the brain supports successful memory performance (Addis and McAndrews, 2006;Brewer et al., 1998;Morcom et al., 2003;Wagner et al., 1998), and limited attention has been paid to brain networks involved in faulty memory retrieval, most notably faulty long-term memory recall. A number of processes may be engaged during recall, including goal setting, memory search, accessing (hopefully correct) stored memories, and evaluating retrieval success (Henson et al., 1999;Moscovitch, 1992;Rugg et al., 2002). The assessment of faulty memory retrieval can be used to identify brain regions whose activity reflects processes engaged when retrieval fails. Such processes can include cognitive control processes involved regardless of retrieval succes...

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Age differences in default and reward networks during processing of personally relevant information

Cited by 36 publications

References 125 publications

Attenuated anticorrelation between the default and dorsal attention networks with aging: evidence from task and rest

Attenuated anticorrelation between the default and dorsal attention networks with aging: evidence from task and rest

Obesity and Aging

Age differences in brain activity related to unsuccessful declarative memory retrieval

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