Perspective on Dormancy

Bewley, J. Derek; Black, M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-68643-6_5

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Then, fatty acids can be degraded by oxidation reactions to produce compounds containing fewer carbon atoms. The main oxidative process is the β-oxidation, although there are differences in the degradation routes of the fatty acid based on its degree of saturation, but all must be converted to forms that can be degraded to form acetyl-CoA, then, this is captured by the glyoxylate cycle, and enters the gluconeogenic pathway in cytoplasm to produce sugars [24,25]. Seeds with oil reserves such as sunflower and canola seeds, limit germination and establishment of seedlings when the isocitrate lyase activity is inhibited, an essential enzyme during the glyoxylate cycle that plays a key role in the lipid metabolism.…”

Section: Effect Of Gibberellinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warm Dry Storage and Application of Gibberellins in The Lipid Profile of Chincuya Seeds (Annona purpurea Moc. & Sessé ex Dunal)

VIDAL-LEZAMA,

REYES-TREJO,

VILLEGAS-MONTER

et al. 2023

Preprint

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By virtue of the knowledge of the beneficial effect of the warm and dry storage, for the growth of the chincuya seed embryo, defined as morphological dormancy. The effect of the same type of storage was studied for the seed viability and germination by soaking gibberellic acid. Also, fatty acids and their kinetics were identified during the warm and dry storage. The following treatments were evaluated: storage time (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months), seed soaking in gibberellic acid at 350 mg L-1, and for the control, imbibition in distilled water, both for 72 h. The seed viability was evaluated through the stain test with tetrazolium chloride. The embedded seeds were germinated on absorbent paper towels and incubated at different temperatures of 30 ° C during the day and 25 ° C at night and 12 hours of photoperiod. The lipid profile was developed by gas chromatography. Seeds were held at constant temperature of 25 ± 3 ° C, in darkness, during the storage time. Results demon-strated that the high initial viability was maintained until the ninth month, when it decreases and is statisti-cally different from the other treatments. The smaller germination percentage (26.1 %) was observed in the freshly harvested seeds and, the higher one corresponded to the six months (65.6 %), with these differences being statistically significant. Regarding the identified fatty acids and their average content, it was found that 33.41 % corresponded to palmitic acid, 7.72 % to stearic acid; the arachidic acid with 1.30 %, making a total of saturated fatty acids of 42.44 %. The detected unsaturated fatty acids were: palmitoleic acid 1.52 %, oleic acid 43.37 % and linoleic acid 7.24 %, in total, 52.15 %. No significative changes were observed in the fatty acids content that are the largest part of the total seed reserves; although the higher concentrations matched with the longest germination (three months), with an average of 92.84 % total fatty acids. Specified regressions indi-cated with statistical robustness that palmitoleic and palmitic acids increased while the oleic acid decreased during the dry storage. The arachidic acid showed a slightly downward trend. Also, the concentrations of fat-ty acids were significatively different between unstored and unincubated seeds (intact) and unstored and in-cubated, but without germinating seeds (dormant), in the latter, the total fatty acids content was significantly lower. Given that the application of gibberellic acid and warm dry storage favored germination, as well as the change in fatty acid content during warm dry storage, added to the results already reported on morphological changes and embryonic growth as an effect of the same type of storage, it is established that Annona purpurea seeds present morphophysiological dormancy, also this is the first identification report of arachidic and pal-mitoleic acids in chincuya seeds and the higher germination percentage reported (65.6 %).

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Section: Effect Of Gibberellinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warm Dry Storage and Application of Gibberellins in The Lipid Profile of Chincuya Seeds (Annona purpurea Moc. & Sessé ex Dunal)

VIDAL-LEZAMA,

REYES-TREJO,

VILLEGAS-MONTER

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…When vivipary occurs, the grains lose their value as food. In the past, farmers and breeders have continuously selected cultivars with appropriate dormancy for their cultivation styles (Bewley et al, 2013).…”

Section: Seed Viability Longevity Dormancy Natural Seed Bank Germinat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Executive summary

2022

Safety Assessment of Transgenic Organisms in the Environment, Volume 9

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From their first commercialisation in the mid-1990s, genetically engineered crops (also known as "transgenic" or "genetically modified" plants) have been approved for commercial release in an increasing number of countries, for planting, entering in the composition of foods and feeds, or use in industrial processing. The majority of these productions are for soybean, maize, cotton and rapeseed (canola) bearing pest resistance and herbicide tolerance traits, aiming to improve yields and reduce the costs of production. Other transgenic crops that are increasingly grown to date comprise lucerne (alfalfa), sugar beet, sugarcane, papaya, safflower, potato, eggplant, as well as pumpkin, apple and pineapple in smaller areas. Other traits are increasingly introduced in engineered plants, adapting them to biotic or abiotic stress, such as resistance to drought or tolerance to salt in the growing environment, or changing a characteristic, e.g. modified oil content, reduced lignin content, non-browning or nutritional quality (biofortification). Thus, transgenic crops, where adopted and available on the market, enlarge possibilities for farmers, industry and consumers. They can play a part in addressing global concerns such as the rising need for food and feed in the growing population context or the necessary adaptation of agriculture for better resilience to climate change.Modern biotechnologies are applied to plants (crops, flowers and trees) but also animals and micro-organisms. The safety of the resulting genetically engineered organisms, when released in the environment for their use in agriculture, forestry, fishery, the food and feed industry, biofuel production or other applications, represents a challenging issue. A scientifically sound approach to their risk assessment should inform biosafety regulators and support national decisions regarding their possible market release. Genetically engineered products are rigorously assessed by their developers during their elaboration and by governments when ready for commercial use, to ensure high safety standards for the environment, human food and animal feed. Such assessments are considered essential for healthy and sustainable agriculture, industry and trade.In 2019, according to the annual report of the International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications, the five main producers of genetically engineered crops were the United States, Brazil, Argentina, Canada and India (listed by decreasing area) covering a combined 170 million hectares representing more than 90% of the global transgenic crop area. Among the 29 countries having grown genetically engineered crops in that year, 9 of them were OECD countries, listed by decreasing area as follows: the

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Perspective on Dormancy

Cited by 2 publications

References 12 publications

Warm Dry Storage and Application of Gibberellins in The Lipid Profile of Chincuya Seeds (Annona purpurea Moc. & Sessé ex Dunal)

Warm Dry Storage and Application of Gibberellins in The Lipid Profile of Chincuya Seeds (Annona purpurea Moc. & Sessé ex Dunal)

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