Personality Trait Development in Adulthood: Patterns and Implications

Roberts, Brent W.; Takahashi, Yusuke

doi:10.2132/personality.20.1

Cited by 10 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Replication is also critical as well so researchers can have increased confidence that results generalize across studies and investigative teams. Nonetheless, we expect that future studies will find evidence for the proposition that personality development involves a transaction between the individual and her or his contextual circumstances that plays out across the life span (Roberts et al., in press).…”

Section: Limitations Future Directions and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Social selection refers to the processes whereby the personal characteristics of individuals shape their social conditions, whereas social influence refers to the processes whereby contextual conditions shape the individuals' characteristics. The emerging life course perspective argues that both social selection and social influence mechanisms are relevant for understanding personality development (see Roberts et al., in press). One integrative proposition stemming from this perspective is that life experiences accentuate those personal characteristics prospectively associated with those life experiences in the first place, a proposal known as the “corresponsive principle” of personality development (Caspi et al., ; Roberts et al., ).…”

Section: Work As a Context For Trait Development In Young Adulthoodmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Personality Development at Work: Workplace Conditions, Personality Changes, and the Corresponsive Principle

Donnellan

Conger

2013

Journal of Personality

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Objective Investigations concerning adult personality development have increasingly focused on factors that are associated with apparent personality trait changes. The current study contributes to this literature by replicating and extending previous research concerning personality trait development in young adulthood and perceptions of workplace conditions. Method Analyses were based on up to 442 individuals who participated in the ongoing Family Transitions Project (e.g., Conger & Conger, 2002). The current analyses included personality trait data from 1994 and 2003, high-school grades and SES indicators from 1994, and reports about work conditions in 2001, 2003, and 2005. Results Personality attributes were prospectively associated with work conditions and income. Findings also support the corresponsive principle of personality development (e.g. Roberts, Caspi, & Moffitt, 2003): Traits that were prospectively associated with particular workplace conditions often seemed to be accentuated by those conditions. Conclusions Personality traits are prospectively associated with perceptions of the workplace. Workplace conditions are also associated with trait development.

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Section: Limitations Future Directions and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Work As a Context For Trait Development In Young Adulthoodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality Development at Work: Workplace Conditions, Personality Changes, and the Corresponsive Principle

Donnellan

Conger

2013

Journal of Personality

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“…These three areas reflect advances in measurement, the description of personality development, and the testing of hypotheses about personality continuity and change. McAdams (2015) provides an interesting book length treatment of the field, and multiple handbook chapters and annual review chapters are devoted to the topic (e.g., Caspi, Roberts, & Shiner, 2005;McAdams & Olson, 2010;Roberts, Donnellan, & Hill, 2012;Roberts, Wood, & Caspi, 2008). Below we highlight four themes in the contemporary literature that are important to think about when considering person-situation transactions across the life span.…”

Section: Considering Personality From a Developmental Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researchers who study personality development consistently emphasize the importance of person-situation transactions for producing at least some of the patterns of coherence, increasing consistency, and changes toward maturity documented in the literature (e.g., Caspi & Bem, 1990;Caspi & Roberts, 2001;Caspi & Shiner, 2006;Roberts, 2006;Roberts & Pomerantz, 2004;Roberts et al 2008;Roberts et al, 2012). A number of processes have been described and different sets of processes are thought to produce personality stability versus change (see Wrzus & Roberts, in press, for a summary).…”

Section: Considering Personality From a Developmental Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It seems uncontroversial to note that certain people tend to interpret situations in often idiosyncratic, yet predictable, ways (situational construal), elicit specific kinds of reactions from others (situational elicitation), and select themselves into and out of situations to achieve a closer match between dispositional and situational features (situational selection). These three processes -construal, elicitation, and selection -tend to produce phenotypic consistencies and may even promote behavioral consistency over time (e.g., Caspi & Bem, 1991;Roberts et al, 2012). In contrast, a different set of mechanisms (shifting reward and punishment structures; self-reflection) can produce behavioral discontinuities.…”

Section: Types Of Person-situation Transactions Across the Lifespanmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Person-Situation Transactions across the Lifespan

Corker

Donnellan

2017

The Oxford Handbook of Psychological Situations

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Research on situations has been reinvigorated within social and personality psychology. The chapter argues that a developmental perspective on situations can further enrich understanding of person-situation transactions and generate interesting predictions for future empirical tests. The approach is grounded in life course theory (Elder & Shanahan, 2006), an interactionist approach that considers person-situation dynamics as critical to understanding individual lives. The chapter describes an overarching perspective and reviews principles of personality development before turning to an explicit consideration of how situational characteristics (the Situational Eight DIAMONDS; Rauthmann et al., 2014) may change with age. It then outlines how a developmental tasks perspective and socioemotional selectivity theory can be integrated with the DIAMONDS characteristics. It concludes by describing different kinds of person-situation transactions that promote consistency and change in psychological characteristics across the lifespan and suggests a few future directions for research.

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Same Same, but Different? Relations between Facets of Conscientiousness and Grit

et al. 2018

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The constructs grit and conscientiousness are closely connected. However, this relationship has not been analysed while accounting for the complex structure of conscientiousness and the multifaceted conception of grit (perseverance of effort; consistency of interest). In this study, we analysed the connection while considering the hierarchical structure of conscientiousness, differentiating between a superordinate factor, a first‐level common factor (industriousness), and lower level unique factors. Drawing on two samples (N = 413, Mage = 15.29, and N = 530, Mage = 31.75), we applied an extension procedure for confirmatory factor analysis that enables a simultaneous investigation of the relationships on all levels. The perseverance facet of grit was tightly aligned to the common factors (95% shared variance) and was strongly related to the industriousness factor. Consistency shared less variance with the common factors of conscientiousness (53%), but it was additionally correlated with the self‐discipline facet. The results for the global grit scale were most similar to the results for perseverance. Grit appears to be a construct that combines the superordinate and industrious aspects of conscientiousness and shares the unique aspect of the self‐discipline facet; this suggests that grit and its facets can be fully integrated into the hierarchical structure of conscientiousness.

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Personality Trait Development in Adulthood: Patterns and Implications

Cited by 10 publications

References 49 publications

Personality Development at Work: Workplace Conditions, Personality Changes, and the Corresponsive Principle

Personality Development at Work: Workplace Conditions, Personality Changes, and the Corresponsive Principle

Person-Situation Transactions across the Lifespan

Same Same, but Different? Relations between Facets of Conscientiousness and Grit

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