Personality, High-Risk Behaviors, and Elevated Risk of Unintentional Deaths Related to Drug Poisoning Among Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury

Krause, James S.; Cao, Yue; DiPiro, Nicole D.; Cuddy, Emma

doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2018.05.013

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…7 Behavioral factors such as cigarette and cannabis use and psychological and personality factors including depression and impulsive and anxious traits, increase the risk of drug abuse day by day, which can lead to drug poisoning. 8,9 In developing countries, the prevalence of acute intentional and unintentional poisoning varies from 0.2 to 9.3 cases per 1000 individuals annually. 10 In addition, in recent decades, the rate of morbidity and mortality due to poisoning has almost tripled and about 90% of this morbidity and mortality is due to drugs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The trend of top five types of poisonings in hospitalized patients based on ICD‐10 in the northeast of Iran during 2012–2018: A cross‐sectional study

Yazdipour

Moshiri

Dadpour

et al. 2022

Health Science Reports

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Background and Aims: Poisoning remains a major health issue in developing countries with high morbidity and mortality rates; also it is one of the most common causes of admission to hospitals. This study aimed to investigate the trend of the top five types of poisonings in hospitalized patients according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10) in Imam Reza hospital, Mashhad, Iran.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study performed from March 20, 2012, until September 22, 2018. We collected data from all patients hospitalized for poisoning admitted to the poisoning center at Imam Reza hospital in northeast Iran. ICD-10 was adopted to categorize all types of poisonings (T36-T65). The results obtained were analyzed by SPSS 16.Results: Thirty-four thousand eight hundred and ten cases were included. The mean age of the patients was 29.64 ± 14.69 years, of them, 50.7% were males.Benzodiazepine poisoning (T42.4) has the highest frequency among other subcategories and it was more common among females (60.5%). Opium poisoning (T40.0) has the highest mortality rate (5.4%) among other subcategories that is more common in males (72.0%). The mortality associated with narcotics was the highest frequency (2.7%). Suicide (83.6%) was the most common cause of poisoning. Most poisonings occurred in summer (27.4%). Conclusion:These findings could help health care managers and policymakers develop prevention and educational programs to reduce these poisonings and limit people's easy access to drugs and substances.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drug abuse is a serious problem in many countries, especially among young men 7 . Behavioral factors such as cigarette and cannabis use and psychological and personality factors including depression and impulsive and anxious traits, increase the risk of drug abuse day by day, which can lead to drug poisoning 8,9 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The trend of top five types of poisonings in hospitalized patients based on ICD‐10 in the northeast of Iran during 2012–2018: A cross‐sectional study

Yazdipour

Moshiri

Dadpour

et al. 2022

Health Science Reports

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“…The mechanism by which pressure ulcers may contribute to septicemia is intuitive, whereas the mechanism by which they relate to death due to unintentional injury or other causes is less clear from the current analysis. However, previous research has suggested some behavioral risk factors, such as binge drinking, regular smoking, and medication usage, that contribute to pressure ulcers also contribute to deaths related to unintentional injuries and other causes [28,34]. The mechanism by which pressure ulcers are associated with cardiovascular disease mortality may be a more complex relationship.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors indicate the need for cohort studies "with a wider range of predictive factors, particularly health and environmental factors that may directly affect hazard of mortality" [15, p. 1677]. Another study identified risk factors for a highly specific cause of death, unintentional deaths due to drug poisoning (i.e., overdose), finding several behaviors and a personality trait reflective of impulsivity related to an elevated risk of mortality [28]. Clearly, prospective studies are needed to identify predictors of cause-specific mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health factors and spinal cord injury: a prospective study of risk of cause-specific mortality

2019

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Study design Prospective cohort study. Objectives: Identify the risk and protective factors of all-cause and cause-specific mortality among persons with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). Setting Rehabilitation specialty hospital in the Southeastern United States. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted with 3070 adults with traumatic SCI who were a minimum of 1 year post-injury at assessment. Prospective data were collected in 1997-1998 and 2007-2010, with mortality determined as of 31 December, 2016. The deceased were classified into six categories based on underlying cause of death: septicemia, pneumonia and influenza, cancer, heart and blood vessel diseases, unintentional injuries, and all other causes. The competing risk analysis strategy applied to each of the specific causes. Results There were a total of 803 observed deaths among the 2979 final study sample. After controlling for demographic and injury characteristics, general health, pressure ulcer history, and symptoms of infections were significantly associated with all-cause mortality. Except for cancer, they were also related with at least one of the specific causes of death, whereas orthopedic complications and subsequent injuries were unrelated to any cause. Conclusions Three health domains, global health, pressure ulcers, and symptoms of illness or infection, were significantly associated with mortality after SCI, and the patterns of association varied as a function of specific cause of death.

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“…13,14 Although opioids are not recommended as a first-line therapy for pain after SCI (their use has been recommended only as a last resort), they are commonly prescribed and often at high dosages, resulting in an increased risk of adverse outcomes. 4,10,12 Several studies have highlighted the increased risk of misuse, 15,16 unintentional injuries (eg, falls and overdose), 17,18 and mortality [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] associated with prescription pain medication use after SCI. However, these studies focused on self-reported prescription medication use for pain, lacked detailed information regarding specific prescription use, such as type, dosage, and frequency, and are subject to recall bias, among other limitations.…”

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confidence: 99%

Opioid Use Among Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury: Prevalence Estimates Based on State Prescription Drug Monitoring Program Data

DiPiro

Murday

Corley

et al. 2021

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

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To identify the prevalence of opioid use in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) living in South Carolina. Design: Cohort study. Setting: Data from 2 statewide population-based databases, an SCI Registry and the state prescription drug monitoring program, were linked and analyzed.Participants: The study included individuals (NZ503) with chronic (>1y) SCI who were injured between 2013 and 2014 in South Carolina and who survived at least 3 years postinjury. Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures: Filled opioid prescriptions over a 2-year period (months 13-36 after injury). The main outcomes were total number of days with an opioid prescription over the 2-year period, length of coverage period [(final day of prescription coverageþthe days supplied)efirst day of prescription coverage], average daily morphine milligram equivalents (MME) over the coverage period, and concurrent days covered by an opioid and a prescription for benzodiazepines, sedatives, or hypnotics. Results: A total of 53.5% of the cohort (269 individuals) filled at least 1 opioid prescription during their second or third year after SCI. In total, there were 3386 opioid fills during the 2-year study. On average, the total number of opioid prescription days was 293AE367. The average coverage period was 389AE290 days, and the average daily MME during the coverage period was 41AE70 MME. Of those who filled an opioid prescription, 23% had high-risk fills (>50 MME), and 38% had concurrent prescriptions for benzodiazepines, sedatives, or hypnotics. Conclusions: The prevalence of opioid use was high among individuals with chronic SCI, exceeding rates observed in the general population. Also concerning were the rates of high-risk fills, based on average daily MME and concurrent benzodiazepine, sedative, or hypnotic prescriptions. These findings, taken together with those of earlier studies, should be used by providers to assess and monitor opioid use, decrease concurrent high-risk medication use, and attenuate the risk of adverse outcomes.

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Personality, High-Risk Behaviors, and Elevated Risk of Unintentional Deaths Related to Drug Poisoning Among Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury

Cited by 13 publications

References 37 publications

The trend of top five types of poisonings in hospitalized patients based on ICD‐10 in the northeast of Iran during 2012–2018: A cross‐sectional study

The trend of top five types of poisonings in hospitalized patients based on ICD‐10 in the northeast of Iran during 2012–2018: A cross‐sectional study

Health factors and spinal cord injury: a prospective study of risk of cause-specific mortality

Opioid Use Among Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury: Prevalence Estimates Based on State Prescription Drug Monitoring Program Data

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