Personality, fear of childbirth and cesarean delivery on demand

Handelzalts, Jonathan E.; Fisher, Shimrit; Lurie, Samuel; Shalev, Amir; Golan, Abraham; Sadan, Oscar

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0412.2011.01287.x

Cited by 65 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This finding urges that special attention to be given to decrease the childbirth anxiety due to its impact on abnormal pregnancy outcomes mainly of cesarean sections. Previous studies supports this suggestion as their studies also revealed that request for caesarean sections were higher among pregnant women particularly nulliparous with more childbirth fears (Fenwick et al, 2009;Hall et al, 2012;Handelzalts et al, 2012;Laursen et al, 2009;Nieminen et al, 2009;Rubertsson et al, 2014). Evidences also established the relationship between high levels of pregnancy anxiety and adverse labour outcomes such as preterm births, low birth weight and mode of delivery (Catov et al, 2010;Hernandez-Martinez et al, 2011;Loomans et al, 2013;Rauchfuss & Maier, 2011).…”

Section: Childbirth Anxietymentioning

confidence: 59%

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Prevalence of pregnancy anxiety and associated factors

Madhavanprabhakaran

D’Souza

Karkada

2015

International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences

121

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a b s t r a c tObjective: To determine the prevalence of pregnancy-specific anxiety (PSA) and its associated factors among pregnant women during the three trimesters of pregnancy. Design: A prospective explorative survey was conducted among 500 low-risk Indian pregnant women of age 18-35 years. Setting: A major maternity government hospital in southern state of Kerala, India. Participants: 500 low risk pregnant women who attended the major maternity government hospital during the period June 2004-July 2005 were selected as convenient sample. Methods: An exploratory research design with a prospective cohort approach was adopted for the study. State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Pregnancy-Specific Anxiety Inventory (PSAI) were used to collect the data. Results: Highest prevalence of pregnancy-specific anxiety (PSA) was reported during the third trimester of pregnancy. All pregnant women rated high levels of third trimester childbirth anxiety compared to other three components of pregnancy-specific anxiety. Nulliparous pregnant women reported higher levels of PSA than parous pregnant women (M = 134.40, M = 116.8). Young age, nulliparous status and nuclear family nature were identified as common risk factors of pregnancy-specific anxiety. Conclusion: During the transition to motherhood, the risk factors and timing of heightened pregnancy-specific anxiety differ. Higher prevalence of pregnancy anxiety among nulliparous and younger pregnant women necessitates an integrated routine screening of PSA during prenatal care. Early detection, prevention and management of pregnancy anxiety will enable women to cope with the challenges of pregnancy.

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Section: Childbirth Anxietymentioning

confidence: 59%

“…The study concluded that fear of childbirth was the only psychological variable associated with the choice for caesarean section. (Handelzalts et al, 2012). Nieminen et al (2009) reported that maternal request for caesarean section was out of fear of intense childbirth.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence of pregnancy anxiety and associated factors

Madhavanprabhakaran

D’Souza

Karkada

2015

International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences

121

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“…Cultural factors, the structure of antenatal care and delivery services, as well as how they are funded, are likely to influence preferences for CS [14]. However, it may be argued that the perception of the upcoming birth is deeply embedded in a woman's personality and prior experiences, including traumas [15][16][17][18]. Based on this assumption, reported preference for CS would not be related to external factors and thus may not vary across countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnant women’s preference for cesarean section and subsequent mode of birth – a six-country cohort study

Ryding

Lukasse

Kristjansdottir

et al. 2016

Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology

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Introduction: The rate of cesarean section (CS) for non-medical reasons has risen and is a concern for health care. Women's preferences may vary across countries for psychosocial or obstetric reasons.Methods: A prospective cohort study of 6,549 women in routine antenatal care, giving birth in Belgium, Iceland, Denmark, Estonia, Norway or Sweden. Preference for mode of birth was self-reported in mid-pregnancy. Birth outcome data were collected from hospital records.Results: A CS was preferred by 3.5% of primiparous women and 8.7% of the multiparous women. Preference for CS was associated with severe fear of childbirth, with a negative birth experience in multiparous women, and with depressive symptoms in the primiparous. Women were somewhat more prone to prefer a cesarean in Iceland, OR 1.70(1.02-2.83), adjusted for age, education, depression, fear of childbirth, history of abuse, previous cesarean and previous negative birth experience. Out of the 404 women who preferred CS during pregnancy, 286 (70.8%) were delivered by CS, mostly for a medical indication. A total of 9% of the cesareans in the cohort had a non-medical indication only.Conclusions: Women's preference for cesarean section often seems to be due to health concerns. Both medical and psychological factors need to be addressed in antenatal counseling. Obstetricians need to convey accurately to women the risks and benefits of CS in her specific case. Maternity professionals should identify and explore psychosocial reasons for women's preferences.

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“…FOC is often the reason for caesarean section on the woman's request [1,[15][16][17], which probably means that elective caesarean section is more common among these women [9,11,16]. This might reflect that these women doubt their own capacity to cope with the upcoming labour and birth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-efficacy beliefs and fear of childbirth in nulliparous women

Salomonsson

Gullberg

Alehagen

et al. 2013

Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology

121

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Objective: To explore how childbirth self-efficacy, i.e. outcome expectancy and efficacy expectancy, was associated with fear of childbirth (FOC) and how efficacy expectancy and FOC respectively were related to socio-demographic characteristics, mental problems and preference for a caesarean section. Methods:In this cross sectional study, a consecutive sample of 1000 pregnant nulliparous women was sent the Wijma Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire and Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory. Statistical analyses were performed on data from 423 women.Results: Outcome expectancy and efficacy expectancy correlated significantly and positively, FOC correlated significantly and negatively with both outcome expectancy and efficacy expectancy. Women with severe FOC (20.8 %) had a significantly lower level of education (p= 0.001), and had more often sought help because of mental problems (p= 0.004). They were more likely to have low efficacy expectancy (p<0.001) and to prefer a caesarean section instead of a vaginal birth (p<0.001).Conclusions: Lower efficacy expectancy was associated with higher FOC while preference for a caesarean section was not. Improvement of self-efficacy could be a part of care for women with FOC during pregnancy; however, it would not be enough for fearful women who wish to have a caesarean section.

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Personality, fear of childbirth and cesarean delivery on demand

Abstract: The only psychological variable associated with the choice for cesarean section on maternal request was the fear of childbirth.

Cited by 65 publications

References 26 publications

Prevalence of pregnancy anxiety and associated factors

Prevalence of pregnancy anxiety and associated factors

Pregnant women’s preference for cesarean section and subsequent mode of birth – a six-country cohort study

Self-efficacy beliefs and fear of childbirth in nulliparous women

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