Personality Correlates of Success in a Methadone Maintenance Program

Levine, David; Levin, Donald; Sloan, Ira H.; Chappel, John N.

doi:10.1176/ajp.129.4.456

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Dropouts also have more somatic complaints (Pittell et al, 1972). According to at least two studies (Fisch et al, 1973;Levine, Levin, Sloan, & Chappel, 1972), depression predisposes a methadone patient to drop out of treatment, a finding in keeping with Perkins' (1970) observations that patients with medical or psychiatric problems are more likely to drop out of treatment.…”

Section: Heroin Addictionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Newman & Sparer, 1956;Raynes & Patch, 1971;Turner, Gardner, & Higgins, 1970;. Out of 51 studies, 35 (68.6%) found age to be unrelated to dropping out (Adams et al, 1971;Affleck & Garfield, 1961;Baekeland et al, 1973;Bailey et al, 1959;Calden et al, 1956;Cartwright, 1955;Cuskyetal., 1971;Daniels et al, 1963;Dodd, 1971;Errera et al, 1967;Freedman et al, 1958;Garfield & Affleck, 1959;Greenwald & Bartemeier, 1963;Heilbrun, 1961aHeilbrun, , 1971Hunt, 1962;Kissin et al, 1970;Levine et al, 1972;Lewis et al, 1955;Lowinger & Dobie, 1968;Nagpaul et al, 1970;Pisani & Motansky, 1970;Raynes et al, 1973;Raynes et al, 1972;Rickels & Anderson, 1969;Ross & Lacey, 1961;Sells, Chatham, & Joe, 1972;Sethna & Harrington, 1971;Weiss & Schaie, 1958;Williams & Pollack, 1964;Zax et al, 1961). It seems that the younger patient is more likely to drop out of treatment.…”

Section: Age*mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the 41 studies that looked at social (occupational, marital, residential) stability, 20 (44A%) found it to be related to dropping out (Altman, Angle, Babst et al, 1971;Baekeland et al, 1973;Blane & Meyers, 1964;Cusky et al, 1971;Gerard & Saenger, 1966;Miller et al, 1968;Miller et al, 1970;Perkins & Bloch, 1971;Pokorny et al, 1968;Ripple & Alexander, 1956;Rosenberg et al, 1972;Ross & Lacey, 1961;Rubinstein & Lorr, 1956;Sells, Chatham, & Joe, 1972;Turner et al, 1970;Wilkinson et al, 1971;Zax et al, 1961), whereas 21 studies (55.6%) did not (Brown & Kosterlitz, 1964;Calden et al, 1956;Caldwell et al, 1970;Daniels et al, 1963;Dodd, 1971;Errera et al, 1967;Frank et al, 1957;Heilbrun, 1971;Kissin et al, 1970;Levine et al, 1972;Lowinger & Dobie, 1968;Mayer et al, 1965;G. G. Meyer et al, 1967;J.…”

Section: Social Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Symptom levels and symptom relief appear to be a double-edged sword in dropping out of treatment, implicated in 22 out of 35 studies (62.8%) (Baekeland et al, 1973;Bailey et al, 1959;Brown & Kosterlitz, 1964;Drolet & Porter, 1949;Fisch et al, 1973;Frank et al, 1957;Gallagher & Kanter, 1961;Greenwald & Bartemeier, 1963;Heilbrun, 1971;Hiler, 1959;Katz & Solomon, 1958;Levine et al, 1972;Nash et al, 1957;J. Newman & Sparer, 1956;Perkins & Bloch, 1971;Raynes & Patch, 1971;Rickels & Anderson, 1969;Ross & Lacey, 1961;Taulbee, 1958;Wilkinson et al, 1971; and found irrelevant in 13 others out of 35 (37.2%) (Affleck & Garfield, 1961;Babst etal., 1971;Calden et al, 1956;Dodd, 1971;Downing et al, 1970;Errera et al, 1967;Levitt, 1958;Lorr et al, 1958;E.…”

Section: Symptom Levels and Symptom Reliefmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Out of 11 studies that looked at factors related to aggressive and passive-aggressive behavior, 9 (81.8%) indicated that the highly aggressive or passive-aggressive patient tends to drop out of treatment (Allen & Dootjes, 1968;Baekeland et al, 1973;Downing et al, 1970;Kendig, 1956;Levine et al, 1972;Miller et al, 1968;Wilkinson et al, 1971;Wittkower & Russell, 1956), whereas 2 out of 11 (18.2%) ruled it out as unimportant (Gallagher & Kanter, 1961;Lorr et al, 1958). This is not surprising inasmuch as the openly resentful and aggressive patient will probably antagonize his therapist.…”

Section: Aggressive and Passive-aggressive Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Dropping out of treatment: A critical review.

Baekeland

Lundwall²

1975

Psychological Bulletin

1,012

554

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After a discussion of methodological issues of the past 20 years, literature on dropping out of treatment was critically reviewed in six areas: hospital treatment of general psychiatric and tubercular patients, outpatient treatment of internal medical conditions, alcoholism, heroin addiction, general psychiatric outpatient psychotherapy, and double-blind drug studies. Fifteen factors were found to predict dropping out in 100%, 83%-88%, and 60%-75% of the relevant studies: (a) social isolation and/or unaffiliation, therapist attitudes and behavior, discrepancies between patient and therapist treatment expectations; (b) passive-aggressive behavior, family attitudes and behavior, motivation, behavioral and/or perceptual dependence, psychological mindedness and/ or -denial, symptom levels and symptom relief, socioeconomic status, sociopathic features, alcoholism and/or drug dependence; (c) age, sex, and social stability.One of the most vexing problems facing the physician, whether he is a surgeon, internist, or psychiatrist, is that far too many of those entrusted to his care, both inpatients and outpatients, drop out of treatment before they have completed it to his satisfaction. Although the question of the dropout has most often engaged the attention of psychiatrists, it also crops up from time to time in papers by internists, for whom there is no reason to believe that it is any less serious a problem. Where studied, the dropout problem has usually been in the context of treating chronic conditions that require prolonged treatment. The extent of this problem can be inferred ^rom the fact that in general psychiatric clinics, 20%-57% of the patients fail to return after the first visit (Blenkner,

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Section: Heroin Addictionmentioning

confidence: 82%