Personal investment in Japan and the U.S.A.: A study of worker motivation

Shwalb, David W.; Shwalb, Barbara J.; Harnisch, Delwyn L.; Maehr, Martin L.; Akabane, Kiyoshi

doi:10.1016/0147-1767(92)90008-i

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Misra et al (1990) found greater linkage between work and family concerns in India than in Canada. Schwalb et al (1992) found that Japanese employees reported being motivated by the task itself, self-improvement, and financial reward, in contrast with a greater US emphasis upon affiliation, social concern, and recognition. Holt & Keats (1992) compared Anglo, Chinese, Lebanese, and Aboriginal Australians.…”

Section: Work Motivationmentioning

confidence: 88%

Cross-Cultural Social and Organizational Psychology

Bond

Smith²

1996

Annu. Rev. Psychol.

210

130

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This review considers recent theoretical and empirical developments in cross-cultural studies within social and organizational psychology. It begins with a description of the importance and the difficulties of universalizing psychological science. It then continues with an examination of theoretical work on both the internal-proximal and the external-distal constraints that mediate culture's influence on behavior. Influences on social cognition are documented by describing research on self-concept, self-esteem, emotions, attribution processes, person perception, interpersonal attraction, and justice. Group processes are addressed in the areas of leadership, decision-making, and negotiation, and research in organizational psychology is examined with respect to work motivation and work behavior. The review concludes that considerable improvement is evident in recent cross-cultural research. However, future research must include a broader range of cultures and attend more closely to the levels at which cultural effects should be analyzed, and cultural samples must be unpackaged in more psychologically useful ways.

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Section: Work Motivationmentioning

confidence: 88%

Cross-Cultural Social and Organizational Psychology

Bond

Smith²

1996

Annu. Rev. Psychol.

210

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, empathy (e.g., the ability to read other people's emotions) and social deftness (e.g., knowing how to respond to other people's emotions in an appropriate manner) are culturally influenced. In relation to the self-efficacy and/or motivation aspect of emotional intelligence, a wide body of management research exists that demonstrates the cultural sensitivity in this area (Aycan et al, 2000;Schwalb, 1992;Super & Sverko, 1995;Yu & Yang, 1994). Indeed, Osteraker's (1999) dynamic triangle of motivation places culture in an influential position for determination of a participant's motivational disposition.…”

Section: Higher Order Skills and Cultural Intelligencementioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural Intelligence

Brislin

Worthley

MacNab

2006

Group & Organization Management

250

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Cultural intelligence has various meanings that can be looked on as complementary. On one hand, it refers to behaviors that are considered intelligent from the point of view of people in specific cultures. Such behaviors can include quick application of previously learned information in some cultures, getting along with kin in other cultures, and slow and deliberate consideration of alternative courses of action in still other cultures. On the other hand, cultural intelligence can also refer to the traits and skills of people who adjust quickly, with minimal stress, when they interact extensively in cultures other than the ones where they were socialized. The two uses of the term are related because people who want to be sensitive to other scan examine intelligence as it is defined and demonstrated in other cultures and can make adjustments in their own behaviors during their cross-cultural experiences.

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“…Although some basic structures of motivation may be universal (Triandis, 1994), the fact that culture has been linked to motivation is well established (e.g. Aycan, 2001;Schwalb, 1992;Super and Sverko, 1995;Yu and Yang, 1994). It is this basic link that makes a cultural understanding of the subject context (i.e.…”

Section: Culture and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving Perceptions of Japanese Workplace Motivation

Brislin

MacNab

Worthley

et al. 2005

Int'l Jnl of Cross Cultural Management

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This research effort specifically examines perceptions of workplace motivation in Japan between employees and managers while highlighting results that are somewhat counterintuitive to the traditional western perception of Japanese ethnography. Specifically, we find some evidence for a potentially shifting movement toward a self-orientation with more emphasis on lifetime employability over lifetime employment. During a period when incremental efficiencies are arguably more important than ever for the Japanese economy, practitioners therein stand to maintain the highest level of productivity by better understanding exactly how workforce motivation is currently evolving rather than relying on potentially dated assumptions. Specifically this effort advances cross cultural management studies by blending insight from past American research and theory with current research on Japan - which allows the additional benefit of comparing traditional Japanese cultural platforms to potentially more modern, dynamic realities. In partnership with PricewaterhouseCoopers Global Human Resource Solutions, a survey was undertaken in the metropolitan Tokyo area that examined motivation of the Japanese worker using the two-factor Herzberg model, which seems to be valid in Japan. The study indicates that there has been a movement from a more traditional, collective/company orientation toward more self-orientation. The study also demonstrates that Japanese managers seem to have an acceptable understanding of what motivates employees but that there is still room for improvement.

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Personal investment in Japan and the U.S.A.: A study of worker motivation

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Cross-Cultural Social and Organizational Psychology

Cross-Cultural Social and Organizational Psychology

Cultural Intelligence

Evolving Perceptions of Japanese Workplace Motivation

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