Persisting psychotic-like experiences are associated with both externalising and internalising psychopathology in a longitudinal general population child cohort

Abstract

Downs, J. (2013). Persisting psychotic-like experiences are associated with both externalising and internalising psychopathology in a longitudinal general population child cohort. Schizophrenia Research, 144(1-3), 99-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2012.12.009Citing this paper Please note that where the full-text provided on King's Research Portal is the Author Accepted Manuscript or Post-Print version this may differ from the final Published version. If citing, it is advised that you check and use the publisher's definitive version for pagination, volume/issue, and date of publication details. And where the final published version is provided on the Research Portal, if citing you are again advised to check the publisher's website for any subsequent corrections. General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the Research Portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognize and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.•Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the Research Portal for the purpose of private study or research.•You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain •You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the Research Portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact librarypure@kcl.ac.uk providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Background: Persisting psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are associated with an increased risk of internalising symptoms in adolescence. Whether this association holds similarly for externalising symptoms, and from mid-childhood, is unclear. This prospective study investigated the extent to which PLE persistence was associated with internalising and externalising psychopathology in a community sample of children aged 9-11 years at study commencement. Methods: 8099 children (mean age 10.4 years) completed questionnaires assessing PLEs, externalising and internalising symptoms. A subsample of 547 children completed reassessment, on average, two years later. Results: Two-thirds (66%) of children reported PLEs at baseline. Approximately two years later, PLEs persisted in 39% of those children. After adjustment for previous psychopathology and other potential confounds, children with persisting PLEs were at higher risk for internalising (odds ratio [OR]=1.94; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13-3.34) and externalising (OR=1.97; 95% CI 1.19-3.26) psychopathology than children whose PLEs remitted; and, than children who never presented PLEs. Conclusions: Persistent PLEs from mid-childhood are associated with later internalising and externalising psychopathology in the general population, whereas transitory PLEs may be part of a spectrum of normative childhood development. Interventions that target persistent PLEs may contribute to a reduction in common chi...

A synthesis of evidence on inhibitory control and auditory hallucinations based on the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework

“…For example, a range of studies have shown that hallucinations during childhood often present with concurrent emotional (e.g., anxiety, depression) and behavioral (e.g., conduct problems, inattention) difficulties (Askenazy et al, 2007; Armando et al, 2010; Laurens et al, 2012), and those that persist are associated with an increased risk for both internalizing and externalizing disorders later in adolescence (Downs et al, 2013; Kelleher et al, 2013) as well as social dysfunction, affective disorder, substance misuse and psychosis in adulthood (Dhossche et al, 2002; Rossler et al, 2007; De Loore et al, 2011; van Rossum et al, 2011). This pattern of comorbidity and divergent trajectories is consistent with the idea that psychotic symptoms index risk for a wide range of psychopathological outcomes, not limited to psychosis (Rossler et al, 2011; Kelleher et al, 2012a,b; Fusar-Poli et al, 2013), and points to some shared or common deficits in cognitive control.…”

Prevalence, impact and cultural context of psychotic experiences among ethnic minority youth

“…Laurens et al (2007) found rates of PE in various ethnic groups between 40% and 70% and followed another strategy by defining a triad of putative schizophrenia antecedents, including developmental delays and high scores of other psychiatric symptoms. Previous research has shown that childhood psychopathology can precede PE ), persisting PE in childhood are associated with (later) psychopathology (Wigman et al 2011;Downs et al 2013), and that the majority of adolescents reporting PE have one or multiple diagnosable DSM-IV Axis I disorders (Kelleher et al 2012b). The experience of at least one PE was very common in our sample as well and decreased with age, in agreement with the findings of two recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses (Kelleher et al 2012a;Linscott & van Os, 2013).…”

Psychotic experiences in the population: Association with functioning and mental distress

“…Psychotic experiences have been found to be important from a number of clinical perspectives. In addition to a relatively increased risk for psychosis (Fisher et al, 2013;Kaymaz et al, 2012;Poulton et al, 2000;Welham et al, 2009), young people with psychotic experiences are at high risk for a range of psychopathological diagnoses (Barragan et al, 2011;Downs et al, 2013;Scott et al, 2009;Werbeloff et al, 2012;Wigman et al, 2012a;Yung et al, 2009). We recently demonstrated in multiple independent samples that the majority of community-based adolescents who reported psychotic experiences met criteria for at least one (non-psychotic) DSM-IV Axis-1 psychiatric disorder (Kelleher et al, 2012b).…”