Persistent left superior vena cava: Experience of a tertiary health‐care center

Abstract

Transthoracic echocardiography usually visualizes dilated coronary sinus in association with PLSVC. However, SVC injection should be performed in patients undergoing angiography so that morbidity and mortality related with persistent left superior vena cava can be avoided during cardiovascular surgery.

Ultrasonographic features of the persistence of superior left vena cava and pathological cardiac associations in fetus. Case series.

“…In our study the isolated cases of PLSVC represent 13% of the cardiac anomalies. As reported, the most frequent cardiac abnormalities associated with PSLVC are atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, aortic coarctation, transposition of great vessels, tetralogy of Fallot, and anomalous connections of the pulmonary veins, in this order of incidence [3,14,15]. PLSVC is not only associated with cardiac anomalies, but also with extracardiac malformations [12,13].…”

Imaging topography and morphometry of persistent left superior caval vein and its variations, detected on cardiac implantable electronic device implantation

“…This vascular configuration was found in 3 out of 6 (50%) of the analysed patients [18,22]. A DSVC with a BCV bridge was also found in 3 cases; however, this vascular configuration may be somewhat more common, due to the fact that cases where the angle formed by the BCV bridge facilitates direct lead advancement to the RSVC may remain undetected.…”

“…The PLSCV more commonly coexists with congenital heart defects (3-10%), with the literature reporting various rates of PLSCV prevalence in children and adults, as well as for different diagnostic techniques [6,13,18,20].…”

“…by symptomatic congenital heart defects may remain long undetected and be discovered incidentally only during cardiological, anaesthetic, or diagnostic procedures [3,12,13,18,22,23]. One of such venous variations is the presence of persistent left superior caval vein (PLSCV) (Fig.…”

Coronary Sinus Draining into the Left Subclavian Vein through a Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava

“…Although PLSVC represents the most common congenital venous anomaly of the thoracic systemic venous return, the incidence is only approximately 0.3% in the general population (1,2). Approximately 80-92% of PLSVCs drain into the right atrium through the coronary sinus [CS (3)(4)(5)].…”