Persistent heat waves projected for Middle East and North Africa by the end of the 21st century

Varela, R.; Rodríguez-Díaz, L.; deCastro, M.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0242477

Cited by 30 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 68 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We applied a short-term but high intensity heat shock on adult beetles, reflecting extreme daily maximal temperatures, which are predicted to increase in frequency due to climate change (Johnson et al, 2018). In a parallel experiment using the same populations, we applied long-term heat stress throughout the entire larval development, as may result from increasing variation in average monthly temperatures (Bathiany et al, 2018;Varela et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mating system affects the temperature sensitivity of male and female fertility

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mating system affects the temperature sensitivity of male and female fertility

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We applied a shortterm but high intensity heat shock on adult beetles, reflecting extreme daily maximal temperatures, which are predicted to increase in frequency due to climate change (Johnson et al, 2018). In a parallel experiment using the same populations, we applied long-term heat stress throughout the entire larval development, as may result from increasing variation in average monthly temperatures (Bathiany et al, 2018;Varela et al, 2020). We find no evidence that the genetic load of a population is related to its average TSF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Current projections for Lomé predict an increase of the average daily maximal temperature in the months from February to April from 32°C in the late th century, up to a maximum of 37.2°C by the end of the 21 st century (Varela et al, 2020). Beetles assigned to this treatment developed at an elevated temperature of 35°C throughout their entire larval and pupal stage (ca.…”

Section: Juvenile Heat Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mating system affects the temperature sensitivity of male and female fertility

Baur

Jagusch

Michalak

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1. To mitigate effects of climate change it is important to understand species responses to increasing temperatures. This has often been done by studying survival or activity at temperature extremes. Before such extremes are reached, however, effects on fertility may already be apparent. 2. Sex differences in the thermal sensitivity of fertility (TSF) could impact species persistence under climate warming because female fertility is typically more limiting to population growth than male fertility. However, little is known about sex differences in TSF. 3. Here we first demonstrate that the mating system can strongly influence TSF using the seed beetle Callosobruchus maculatus. We exposed populations carrying artificially induced mutations to two generations of short-term experimental evolution under alternative mating systems, manipulating the opportunity for natural and sexual selection on the mutations. We then measured TSF in males and females subjected to juvenile or adult heat stress. 4. Populations kept under natural and sexual selection had higher fitness, but similar TSF, compared to control populations kept under relaxed selection. However, females had higher TSF than males, and strikingly, this sex difference had increased over only two generations in populations evolving under sexual selection. 5. We hypothesized that an increase in male-induced harm to females during mating had played a central role in driving this evolved sex difference, and indeed, remating under conditions limiting male harassment of females reduced both male and female TSF. Moreover, we show that manipulation of mating system parameters in C. maculatus generates intraspecific variation in the sex difference in TSF equal to that found among a diverse set of studies on insects. 6. Our study provides a causal link between the mating system and TSF. Sexual conflict, (re)mating rates, and genetic responses to sexual selection differ among ecological settings, mating systems and species. Our study therefore also provides mechanistic understanding for the variability in previously reported TSFs which can inform future experimental assays and predictions of species responses to climate warming.

show abstract

“…Global climate has changed rapidly over recent decades, and climate-change predictions in some waterlimited regions, such as westernmost Mediterranean (Iberia and Morocco), North Africa and Middle East, forecast a significant shift in the near future, with less frequent precipitation and hotter and longer drought events (Varela et al, 2020, Weniger et al, 2019. An impact of climate change has already been observed on biodiversity and crop productivity; and consequently, on human livelihoods in affected areas (Wheeler & von Braun, 2013).…”

Section: Mainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profile of the in silico secretome of the palm dieback pathogen, a fungus that puts natural oases at risk

Rafiqi

Jelonek

Diouf

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Understanding biotic changes that occur alongside climate change constitute a research priority of global significance. Here, we address a plant pathogen that poses a serious threat to life on natural oases, where climate change is already taking a toll and severely impacting human subsistence. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis is a pathogen that causes dieback disease on date palms, a tree that provides several critical ecosystem services in natural oases; and consequently, of major importance in this vulnerable habitat. Here, we assess the current state of global pathogen spread, we annotate the genome of a sequenced pathogen strain isolated from the native range and we analyse its in silico secretome. The palm dieback pathogen secretes a large arsenal of effector candidates including a variety of toxins, a distinguished profile of secreted in xylem proteins (SIX) as well as an expanded protein family with an N-terminal conserved motif [SG]PC[KR]P that could be involved in interactions with host membranes. Using agrobiodiversity as a strategy to decrease pathogen infectivity, while providing short term resilient solutions, seems to be widely overcome by the pathogen. Hence, the urgent need for future mechanistic research on the palm dieback disease and a better understanding of pathogen genetic diversity.

show abstract

Persistent heat waves projected for Middle East and North Africa by the end of the 21st century

Cited by 30 publications

References 68 publications

The mating system affects the temperature sensitivity of male and female fertility

The mating system affects the temperature sensitivity of male and female fertility

The mating system affects the temperature sensitivity of male and female fertility

Profile of the in silico secretome of the palm dieback pathogen, a fungus that puts natural oases at risk

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About