Persistent Bordetella bronchiseptica Pneumonia in an Immunocompetent Infant and Genetic Comparison of Clinical Isolates with Kennel Cough Vaccine Strains

Abstract

An infant who experienced recurrent episodes of respiratory failure received a diagnosis of pertussis on the basis of immunofluorescence testing, but culture revealed macrolide-resistant Bordetella bronchiseptica. Genetic analysis demonstrated that the child was not infected with a kennel cough vaccine strain, although the family's dog had recently been vaccinated. The infection cleared with imipenem therapy.

Novel, host-restricted genotypes of Bordetella bronchiseptica associated with phocine respiratory tract isolates

“…Nonetheless, seals are the only animals for which there is convincing evidence of host-restricted genotypes of B. bronchiseptica. RTs and STs found in pigs are also frequently isolated from several other hosts (Register et al, 1997(Register et al, , 2012Register & Magyar, 1999;Register, 2004;Diavatopoulos et al, 2005;Rath et al, 2008;http As expected, the phylogenies derived from MLST data and genome-wide SNP analysis are largely congruent. Both indicate that North Sea seal lung isolates (ST11) and Caspian Sea isolates (ST33) evolved divergently but share an immediate common ancestor with RB50 (ST12) and 1289 (ST32).…”

“…To compare host-specific diversity quantitatively, we compiled the STs and RTs reported previously for other B. bronchiseptica isolates (Register et al, 1997(Register et al, , 2000(Register et al, , 2012Register & Magyar, 1999;Diavatopoulos et al, 2005;Buboltz et al, 2008;Rath et al, 2008) or documented in the pubMLST database (http://pubmlst.org/bordetella) for all hosts represented by at least seven isolates. Most isolates included in these comparisons were acquired between 1980 and 2005, a period of time similar to that during which the seal isolates evaluated were obtained.…”

Benefits of maternal vaccination to prevent pertussis in infants

“…16 In United Kingdom were reported sixteen deaths by pertussis in infants under three months old that were born before the introduction of MV. 513 hospitalizations were registered in children of the same age and in the same period of time, which allowed to estimate a rate of fatal cases of 3,1% [95%IC: 1,7]. 12 The death by confirmed pertussis in 17 infants between 2 and 9 weeks that born to unvaccinated mothers.…”

“…1,[4][5][6] Germs of the same species, B. parapertussis and B. holmesii, are involved just like B. bronchiseptica (a pathogen that affects animals) but it also can infect immunocompromised patients. 7 The pertussis disease causes respiratory compromise, rhinorrhea, sneezing, fever, cough and cyanosis by the accumulation of mucopurulent exudates in the respiratory tract. 5,8 Adults or children usually infect the newborns.…”

Active and Passive Immunizations withBordetellaColonization Factor A Protect Mice against Respiratory Challenge withBordetella bronchiseptica

“…The annual economic impact of atrophic rhinitis and porcine reproductive and respiratory disease complex in the United States alone is estimated to be about $17 million and $40 million, respectively. B. bronchiseptica is also capable of infecting humans, mostly immunocompromised individuals with AIDS or cystic fibrosis (14,26,46,52), although it was recently isolated from an immunocompetent individual (39).…”