Persistency of flow patterns in a water repellent sandy soil – Conclusions of TDR readings and a time-delayed double tracer experiment

Wessolek, Gerd; Stoffregen, H.; Täumer, K.

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.07.003

Cited by 39 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Water repellency in soil and the associated preferential flow are like "barriers" and "leaks" in the soil plumbing system, respectively (Moore et al, 2010). Water repellency may intensely affect water and solute movement at the field-scale, a process which has often been underestimated (Aamlid et al, 2009;Bauters et al, 2000;Orfánus et al, 2016;Ritsema and Dekker, 1995;Wessolek et al, 2009). Water repellency and its spatial variability have been shown to cause decreased infiltration of irrigation water and precipitation, non-uniform wetting of soil profiles, increased runoff, and leaching due to preferential flow (Dekker et al, 2001;Lichner et al, 2011;Ritsema et al, 1997;Rodný et al, 2015;Wessolek et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of grass removal on wetting and actual water repellency in a sandy soil

Oostindie

Dekker

Wesseling

et al. 2016

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics

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Soil water content and actual water repellency were assessed for soil profiles at two sites in a bare and grasscovered plot of a sand pasture, to investigate the impact of the grass removal on both properties. The soil of the plots was sampled six times in vertical transects to a depth of 33 cm between 23 May and 7 October 2002. On each sampling date the soil water contents were measured and the persistence of actual water repellency was determined of field-moist samples. Considerably higher soil water contents were found in the bare versus the grass-covered plots. These alterations are caused by differences between evaporation and transpiration rates across the plots. Noteworthy are the often excessive differences in soil water content at depths of 10 to 30 cm between the bare and grass-covered plots. These differences are a consequence of water uptake by the roots in the grass-covered plots. The water storage in the upper 19 cm of the bare soil was at least two times greater than in the grass-covered soil during dry periods. A major part of the soil profile in the grass-covered plots exhibited extreme water repellency to a depth of 19 cm on all sampling dates, while the soil profile of the bare plots was completely wettable on eight of the twelve sampling dates. Significant differences in persistence of actual water repellency were found between the grass-covered and bare plots.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of grass removal on wetting and actual water repellency in a sandy soil

Oostindie

Dekker

Wesseling

et al. 2016

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics

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“…Soil water repellency is a surface property of soil, which reduces or prevents water infiltration into the soil ( Doerr and Ritsema , 2005). Reduced infiltration capacity may lead to increased surface runoff and erosion and thereby to an increased risk of contamination of surface waters and/or creation of preferential water flow pathways into deeper soil ( Wessolek et al, 2009). Associated water deficiency in the root zone can reduce seedling emergence and plant growth ( Madsen et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of dairy sewage sludge amendment on repellency and hydraulic conductivity of soil aggregates from two depths of Eutric Cambisol

Król

Lipiec

Frąc

2015

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Appropriate management of sewage sludge is an important worldwide issue due to the still growing amount of wastewaters. In the study we examined to what extent the addition of dairy sewage sludge compared with mineral fertilization affects porosity, repellency index, and hydraulic conductivity of variously sized aggregates from two soil depths of Eutric Cambisol derived from loess: 5–15 cm and 25–35 cm. The repellency index was calculated as a ratio of ethanol and water sorptivity. Data on water and ethanol sorptivities of initially air‐dry soil aggregate fractions were obtained from steady state flow measurements using an infiltration device. Hydraulic conductivity was determined by measuring water infiltration at five pressure heads: –8, –6, –4, –2, and 0 cm of water column with the same device as for sorptivity determination. Addition of sewage sludge to the soil decreased the soil repellency index by an average of 27% in topsoil and 32% in subsoil for both aggregate sizes, respectively, and increased hydraulic conductivity about four times in both layers. Smaller aggregates (15–20 mm diameter) from soil amended with sewage sludge, in comparison with larger ones (30–35 mm diameter), had a higher repellency index by 36 and 24% in topsoil and subsoil, respectively. As for aggregates from soil with mineral fertilization, those differences were smaller and equal to 15% in subsoil, in topsoil smaller aggregates even had slightly lower repellency index (by 5%). Aggregates taken from the upper soil layer were more water repellent and had smaller hydraulic conductivity than those taken from subsoil, regardless of soil treatment and aggregate size.

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“…At the pore scale, water repellency alters the contact angle between the solid and liquid phases, which in turn reduces or eliminates the capillary forces stabilizing water in the soil. New measurement techniques have been developed to quantify the degree and persistence of water repellency, as well as to indicate its potential formation (Wessolek et al, 2009;Lamparter et al, 2010). Th ese methods have greatly increased our knowledge of when and how water repellency occurs in soil.…”

Section: Problem 5: Characterizing Soil Water Repellencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Kirkham's Legacy and Contemporary Challenges in Soil Physics Research

Jury

Pachepsky

et al. 2011

Soil Science Society of America Journal

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Don Kirkham was instrumental in transforming soil physics into a modern scientifi c discipline by developing theories based on verifi able hypotheses, creating methods to test the hypotheses, and applying the theories to problems of importance to society. We, the recipients of the Don and Betty Kirkham Award in Soil Physics, show how this legacy continues to aff ect soil physics. We describe eight longstanding or emerging research areas in soil physics that contain key unsolved problems. All are fi eld oriented, with applications to a number of important issues in agriculture and the environment. Th e fi rst three problems deal with the topic of characterization of fi eld-scale soil water properties, within which we describe progress on scaling, eff ective hydraulic properties, and the relationship between soil structure and function. We then move to the description of unstable fl ow and characterizing water repellency, and fi nish with discussions on the eff ect of plants on transport processes, characterizing soil microbial diversity, and the importance of soil ecological infrastructure in providing ecosystem services. Th e challenges we discuss refl ect inherent gaps between the complexity of the soil environment and its biogeochemical function, and the limited measurement and analytical tools at our disposal. Improving our predictive capabilities at relevant spatial and temporal scales will be necessary to address some of the long-standing problems within agriculture and the soil environment. D on Kirkham was a true pioneer and innovator whose career as a teacher and scientist was instrumental in transforming soil physics into a rigorous discipline with a solid theoretical foundation. Inspired by his example and honored to have received the Don and Betty Kirkham Award in Soil Physics, we the coauthors found it appropriate to dedicate our contribution for the 75th anniversary issue of the Soil Science Society of America Journal to Don Kirkham's legacy, with a theme that he would have appreciated.We describe research problems that we have worked on during our careers whose quantifi cation and solution remain elusive. Some have been labored on for many years, while others have only recently emerged. All are fi eld oriented, with applications to a number of important issues in agriculture and the environment. Th e fi rst three problems deal with the topic of characterization of fi eld-scale soil water properties, within which we describe progress on scaling, eff ective hydraulic properties, and the relationship between soil structure and function. We then move to the description of two important problems, unstable fl ow and water repellency, whose behavior violates the assumptions of our foundational Richards equation describing water fl ow in soil. We conclude with discussions of three emerging areas of research: the eff ect of plants on transport processes, the characterization of soil microbial diversity, and the importance of soil ecological infrastructure in providing ecosystem services.

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Persistency of flow patterns in a water repellent sandy soil – Conclusions of TDR readings and a time-delayed double tracer experiment

Cited by 39 publications

References 34 publications

Impacts of grass removal on wetting and actual water repellency in a sandy soil

Impacts of grass removal on wetting and actual water repellency in a sandy soil

The effect of dairy sewage sludge amendment on repellency and hydraulic conductivity of soil aggregates from two depths of Eutric Cambisol

Kirkham's Legacy and Contemporary Challenges in Soil Physics Research

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