Peroxiredoxin of Arthrospira platensis derived short molecule YT12 influences antioxidant and anticancer activity

Abstract

This study demonstrates both the antioxidant and anticancer potential of the novel short molecule YT12 derived from peroxiredoxin (Prx) of spirulina, Arthrospira platensis (Ap). ApPrx showed significant reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) against hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) stress. The complementary DNA sequence of ApPrx contained 706 nucleotides and its coding region possessed 546 nucleotides between position 115 and 660. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed the messenger RNA expression of ApPrx due to H 2 O 2 exposure in spirulina cells at regular intervals, in which the highest expression was noticed on Day 20. Cytotoxicity assay was performed using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and revealed that at 10 μM, the YT12 did not exhibit any notable toxicity. Furthermore, ROS scavenging activity of YT12 was performed using DCF-DA assay, in which YT12 scavenged a significant amount of ROS at 25 μM in H 2 O 2-treated blood leukocytes. The intracellular ROS in human colon adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29) was regulated by oxidative stress, where the YT12 scavenges ROS in HT-29 cells at 12.5 μM. Findings show that YT12 peptide has anticancer activity, when treated against HT-29 cells. Through the MTT assay, YT12 showed vital cytotoxicity against HT-29 cells. These finding suggested that C Cell ell B Biology iology I International nternational Abbreviations: Ap, Arthrospira platensis; Cp, peroxidatic cys; DCF-DA, 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate; H 2 O 2 , hydrogen peroxide; HT-29, human colon adenocarcinoma cell; MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide; PBMC, human peripheral blood mononuclear cell; Prx, peroxiredoxin; TEAC, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity.

Bioactive Compounds of Arthrospira spp. (Spirulina) with Potential Anticancer Activities: A Systematic Review

“…In recent years, the antitumor activity of Arthrospira spp. has been evaluated against eight different types of cancer (Table ); colon tumors were the most frequently reported (35.0%; n = 7). − Of these studies, only 14.3% ( n = 1) used the HT-29 strain, whereas 85.7% ( n = 6) used colonocytes chemically transformed by administering 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH). − Phycocyanin was used in all the studies with modified colonocytes (100.0%; n = 6). − Only one study (14.3%) used a peptide (10.0%; n = 2) extracted from A. platensis , YFYPKDFTPGCT (YT12), against the HT-29 strain . Both compounds (phycocyanin and peptide YT12) showed antiproliferative activities; however, only phycocyanin was toxic to tumor cells, reducing the viability of colonocytes.…”

“…Sannasimuthu et al, , Kunte and Desai, Liu et al, Pan et al, and Ahn described the methods for obtaining the bioactive compounds (criterion 1). Of these authors, only Kunte and Desai, Liu et al, and Pan et al used phycocyanin for their studies and detailed the methods for its purification.…”

“…has been evaluated against eight different types of cancer (Table 1); colon tumors were the most frequently reported (35.0%; n = 7). 27−33 Of these studies, only 14.3% (n = 1) used the HT-29 strain, 33 whereas 85.7% (n = 6) used colonocytes chemically transformed by administering 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH). 27−32 Phycocyanin was used in all the studies with modified colonocytes (100.0%; n = 6).…”

6‐Gingerol and Semisynthetic 6‐Gingerdione Counteract Oxidative Stress Induced by ROS in Zebrafish

“…The Bradford method was used to determine the protein level of the sample [16] . The activity of SOD was measured as previously described [17] .…”

“…The Bradford method was used to determine the protein level of the sample. [16] The activity of SOD was measured as previously described. [17] Briefly, the supernatant (50 μL) was added to the reaction mixture containing 50 mM Tris•HCl buffer (pH 8.4), 1 mM EDTA an 2.64 mM pyrogallol.…”