Peroxide Index, Trans Fatty Acids, Acrylamide and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pah) Contents in Frying Oils and Fried Tuna Fish Involved in “Garba” Production in Côte d’Ivoire

Abstract

This current study aims at determining the profile and contents of degradation compounds produced during the interaction between the frying oils and tuna fish involved in the cooking of "Garba", a street food largely consumed in Côte d'Ivoire. For this purpose, the peroxide index and the neoformed compounds, especially trans fatty acids, acrylamid, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were determined. This trial was carried out on 90 samples of frying oils and fried tuna fish collected from restaurant owners of "Garba" food in three locations in Abidjan. The samples were divided into three groups (G1, G2, and G3) according to the similarity of the practices adopted by the restorers. The results show that the peroxide values (14.95; 15.01 and 11.97 meqO 2 /kg) of the oils respectively for G2, G3, and G1 are higher than the values fixed by the Codex Alimentarius. The trans fatty acid contents of the frying oils were 56.80%; 61.01% and 55.18% respectively for G3, G2 and G1. The average acrylamide content of fried Tuna (69.43 µg/kg) is higher than the value recorded in the cooking oil (19.99 µg/kg). The average contents of the eleven HAPs determined in the oils are higher than those of the Tuna. The Benzo (a) pyrene contents of both matrices are lower than the EU standard 1881/2011 except for the G2 oil (2.66 µg/kg). Increased consumption of "Garba" may pose health risks to consumers as practices of frying Tuna generate compounds that are harmful to human health.

Exposure and Public Health Effects of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Compounds in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review

“…19,20,68,82 This view was also shared regarding the increased consumption of a fried-tuna-related food in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. 76 A number of health risk assessments made in different parts of SSA have shown that these exposures have the capacity to bring about carcinogenic and mutagenic risks. 4,67,83,85,87 Despite being a potential health risk, the exposure to food-borne PAHs could also be reduced.…”