Perovskite Oxide Nanocrystals — Synthesis, Characterization, Functionalization, and Novel Applications

Abstract

Perovskite oxide nanocrystals exhibit a wide spectrum of attractive properties such as ferroelectricity, piezoelectricity, dielectricity, ferromagnetism, magnetoresistance, and multiferroics. These properties are indispensable for applications in ferroelectric random access memories, multilayer ceramic capacitors, transducers, sensors and actuators, magnetic random access memories, and the potential new types of multiple-state memories and spintronic devices controlled by electric and magnetic fields. In the past two decades, much effort has been made to synthesize and characterize the perovskite oxide nanocrystals. Various physical and chemical deposition techniques and growth mechanisms are explored and developed to control the morphology, identical shape, uniform size, perfect crystalline structure, defects, and homogenous stoichiometry of the perovskite oxide nanocrystals. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art research activities that focus on the rational synthesis, structural characterization, functionalization, and unique applications of perovskite oxide nanocrystals in nanoelectronics. It begins with the rational synthesis of perovskite oxide nanocrystals, and then summarizes their structural characterizations. Fundamental physical properties of perovskite oxide nanocrystals are also highlighted, and a range of novel applications in nanoelectronics, information storages, and spintronics are discussed. Finally, we conclude this review with some perspectives/outlook and future researches in these fields.

Group-III-nitride and halide-perovskite semiconductor gain media for amplified spontaneous emission and lasing applications

“…While oxide perovskites, in which X is an oxygen anion, exhibit interesting features such as piezoelectricity, ferromagnetism, magnetoresistance, and multiferroic properties [129], halide perovskites, where X is a halide anion, are widely used in optoelectronic devices due to their inherent semiconducting properties. The latter can be further categorized into inorganic and hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskites.…”

Electronic Percolation Threshold of Self-Standing Ag-LaCoO3 Porous Electrodes for Practical Applications

“…This makes it especially attractive to be used as anode material in electrolysis cells for medium and large scale hydrogen production stations, replacing more expensive catalysts based on ruthenium and iridium oxides [22,23,24]. For industrial applications, however, the production of large batches of LaCoO3 powders with specific crystalline quality [25], average particle size [26] and even grain shape [27] should be amenable upon demand. For that, one may choose between two distinct fabrication routes: dry processing (e.g., solid-state reaction [28] and ball-milling [29]) and wet synthesis (e.g., combustion [30], sol-gel [31], co-precipitation [32], hydrothermal [33], etc.).…”

“…For instance, wet synthesis is more laborious than dry processing since it often involves addition of chemical radicals to correct for fuel-to-oxidant ratio or adjusting the solution pH [34]. Although the wet synthesis methods lead to nm-size powders with uniform grain-size distribution [25,26], the dry processing methods are more direct, cost efficient and environmentally friendly. Additionally, dry processing does not make use of intermediate preparation steps or expensive chemicals other than the reaction precursors.…”

Electric property measurement of free-standing SrTiO3 nanoparticles assembled by dielectrophoresis

“…7) In a typical perovskite material, its structural symmetricity can be reduced owing lattice distortion, providing great variability in the electrical properties. 8) Changing the electric properties from nonmetallic to metallic is also possible, depending on the charge carriers and materials. 9) This flexibility might fulfil the demand of technology advancement in electronic devices such as capacitors, resistors, and memristors.…”