Perovskite–Ion Beam Interactions: Toward Controllable Light Emission and Lasing

Abstract

All-inorganic cesium lead halide perovskites hold great promise for the development of next-generation optoelectronics. However, it remains unexplored how the energetic ions will impact CsPbX3, which may largely limit the application potentials. In this work, we for the first time investigate the interaction between the CsPbX3 and high-energy gallium ions in a broad range of ion doses provided by a focused ion beam (FIB) system. We found that the optical properties of CsPbX3 are highly sensitive to the energetic Ga + ions due to the relatively vulnerable ionic bonding. Specifically, even low-dose Ga + irradiation (~110 15 ions/cm 2 ) can lead to more than one-order-of-magnitude reduction in the photoluminescence (PL) intensity, whcih can be attributed to the combined effects of the formation of vacancy/interstitial defects, generation of metallic Pb-related nonradiative recombination centers and crystal-to-amorphization transition. With the increase of ion dose (~10 17 ions/cm 2 ), the morphology of CsPbX3 can be dramatically altered due to the ion sputtering effect. We demonstrate that both low-and high-dose FIB treatment can be important for realizing the application prospects of CsPbX3 in optical security protection and system-on-a-chip compatible microlasers. Our results offer significant information about the ion impacts on CsPbX3 and offer an enabling tool to manipulate the emission and lasing from CsPbX3, which could push ahead the potential of CsPbX3 in photonics and optoelectronics.

Halide Perovskite Lateral Heterostructures for Energy Routing Based Photonic Applications

“…As a result, an effective refractive index n g of ≈4.1 is extracted, which agrees well with previous studies. [ 11,25 ] The corresponding resonant oscillation can be well illustrated by numerical simulation using finite element method as shown in Figure S6, Supporting Information. Figure S7a,b, Supporting Information, also exhibits the lasing spectra from microplate heterostructure with different side lengths of L = 35 and 39 µm.…”

“…Since the cubic microcrystal naturally behaves as the whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonator by total internal reflection, the WGM oscillation mechanism can be expected. [ 11,25 ] Figure 3e shows the magnified lasing spectrum under fluence of 6.86 µJ cm −2 . Based on the WGM model in the cubic resonator, the free spectral range (FSR) is given by: ,where the λ is the lasing wavelength, and L is the edge length of the microplate.…”

“…Strikingly, the lasing threshold (≈3.5 µJ cm −2 ) in the microplate heterostructure is found to be among the lowest values reported in the literature. [ 25 ] For a fair comparison, we also fabricated the single‐component CsPbBr 3 microplate and carried out the lasing characterization under the same conditions as those for the microplate heterostructure (Figure S8, Supporting Information). The threshold of the heterostructure is much lower than that of the single‐component CsPbBr 3 (≈17.8 µJ cm −2 ).…”

Lead-Free Perovskites for Lighting and Lasing Applications: A Minireview

“…At the present moment, the lasing perovskite materials possess wide range of morphology, including thin films [82,84,88,89,90,91,92], microstructures such as cubes [83,93,94,95,96,97], plates [81,98,99,100], wires [99,101,102,103,104], spheres [85,95,105], pyramids [97], nanosheets [106,107], microdisks [108,109], and quantum confined materials such as 2D R-P [110,111,112,113] and NCs [114,115,116,117], including NCs in glasses [118] and polymers [119]. Also, for the enhancement of the device performance, the perovskite materials can be patterned by ion beam lithography [109], laser ablation [108], or imprinting methods [89,120], and can be applied on the initially patterned substrates [81,90]. Perovskite-based lasers usually are optically pumped, which can be also up-conversion excitation of PL [83,84,92,96,106,116,118].…”

Chirality-enabled unidirectional light emission and nanoparticle detection in parity-time-symmetric microcavity

“…The microcavity is one of the most attractive components for constructing PCs for various applications including highly sensitive sensors [1][2][3], isolators [4,5], and lasers [6][7][8]. Generally, the confined energy within the cavity will refractively leak from the cavity periphery; thus the coupling between the waveguide and the microcavity via evanescent waves is well suited to transport the signals into and out of the microcavity.…”