Perovskite-Based Materials for Energy Applications

Abstract

The role of energy in modern society is fundamental. Constraints due to the emissions of air pollutants from the excessive use of fossil fuels have increased dramatically in the last years. Over the years various devices and systems have been developed to transform energy from forms supplied by nature to forms that can be used by people. Another issue is to absorb energy generated at one time and to discharge it to supply power at a later time, what is called energy storage. This is also a matter to focus when it comes to searching for solutions of energy problems. Perovskites are promising key materials for energy applications, and in this chapter is a literature review summarizing the reported progress in energy applications of perovskite-type ceramic materials. To understand the fundamental nature of structure-property relationships, defect chemistry plays an important role. This paper, a mini-review, briefly describes from available literature and summarizes accordingly. It is focused on perovskite crystal structures, perovskite materials for solid oxide fuel cells, perovskite electrocatalyst and photocatalysts, and perovskite transport features.

Fuel Cells: Alternative Energy Sources for Stationary, Mobile and Automotive Applications

“…At anode, electrochemical oxidation of fuel gas such hydrogen H 2 or carbon monoxide CO takes place (Eqs. (17) and (18)). The anode scatters the hydrogen gas over its whole surface and conducts the electrons that are freed from hydrogen molecule, to be used as power in the external circuit.…”

“…Currently, most cathodes are based on doped lanthanum manganites such as strontium doped lanthanum manganite or other materials with the perovskite structure [17][18][19][20][21]. Most used for the anode material is a cermet of nickel and yttria stabilized zirconia [22].…”

Mechanochemical Synthesis of Soft Ferromagnetic Perovskite Lanthanum Strontium Manganite (La0.6Sr0.4MnO3)

“…23,24 The LSMO (bulk and/or nanoparticles) compounds found promising applications in magnetic refrigeration systems, 25 in magnetic storage devices, 18 in spintronics, 26 in biomedical applications. 19,21 They are applied as magnetic sensors, 27 as cathodes for solid oxide fuel cells, 28 and as a microwave absorption material. 29 LSMO compounds can be prepared by different techniques such as solid state reaction, 4 sol-gel, 29 co precipitation, 30 nitrate citrate-gel, 31 microwave techniques, 32 combustion technique, 33 thermal decomposition technique, 23 and the mechanochemical synthesis (ball milling).…”