Perovskite-Based Facile NiO/CH₃NH₃PbI₃ Heterojunction Self-Powered Broadband Photodetector

Abstract

Perovskite light absorbers have drawn attention worldwide for optoelectronic devices due to their solution-processable photovoltaic properties, high carrier mobility, broad spectral range, and integration with a wide range of substrates, etc. A facile NiO/CH3NH3PbI3 heterojunction was fabricated in an ambient environment for self-powered and high-performance photodetector (PD) application. The self-powered PD showed a high responsivity of 33.39 mA/W for UV light and 5.79 mA/W for white light at zero bias, which further increases up to 28.6 A/W for UV light and 29.2 A/W for white light at +1 V. Subsequently, the detectivity for an entire UV and visible spectrum was observed to be above 1010 Jones at zero bias. Interestingly, the stability study for PDs in the air up to 38 days revealed the highest photoresponsivity of 40.56 mA/W at zero bias. This enhancement is attributed to the intrinsic modification within metal halide perovskites that lead to optimized PbI2 content. Additionally, a systematic study of X-ray diffraction patterns at an interval of days revealed the presence of PbI2 content. Further, the photodetection ability was retained for up to 58 days with a decrease in light current without encapsulation. Our results indicate that a NiO/CH3NH3PbI3 heterojunction-based PD paves the way for ambient friendly, high-performance, self-powered, stable optoelectronic applications.

Understanding the role of inorganic carrier transport layer materials and interfaces in emerging perovskite solar cells

“…Although the charge extraction process is hindered by the presence of PbI 2 at the surface of the perovskite, surface modification has become a prime requirement. 33,34 Furthermore, the hole traps resulting from the under-coordinated halide anions on the crystalline surface of MAPbI 3 thin films can induce significant charge accumulation at the perovskite/HTL interface. 35 These trap states existing at the interface can be eliminated by interface engineering to reduce the recombination rate and improve the charge transfer.…”

Synergistic Effect of Crystallization Control and Defect Passivation Induced by a Multifunctional Primidone Additive for High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

“…However, PRM-modified perovskite thin films preserve the highly crystalline phase. The content of PbI 2 segregated upon air exposure can be calculated from XRD spectra using the following eq : , content of PbI 2 = intensity of PbI 2 intensity of PbI 2 + intensity of MAPbI 3 × 100 It was found that 52.4% PbI 2 was present in the control sample upon air exposure for 20 days.…”

“…However, PRM-modified perovskite thin films preserve the highly crystalline phase. The content of PbI 2 segregated upon air exposure can be calculated from XRD spectra using the following eq 2: 52,53 content of PbI The standard error of the mean is tabulated. reproducibility of the stability data has been confirmed through carrying the stability test on three sets of PSCs of each control and 2 mg of PRM-containing PSCs.…”

Porous nanorods by stacked NiO nanoparticulate exhibiting corn-like structure for sustainable environmental and energy applications

“…Among all the available functional materials, metal oxides render various unique properties due to their completely and partially filled ‘s’ and ‘d’ orbitals, respectively. 1 Owing to the unique properties like wide bandgaps, 2 high dielectric constants, 3 and tunable optoelectronic characteristics, 4 the metal oxides are applied in different functional applications, such as solar cells, 5,6 photodetectors, 7,8 supercapacitors, 9 battery electrodes, 10 gas sensors, 11 and electrochromism. 12 Moreover, the metal oxides can be downscaled into nanostructures with different shapes and morphologies, providing an increased surface-to-volume ratio and significantly larger textural boundaries.…”