Permutation-based special linear transforms with application in quantum image encryption algorithm

Khan, Mubashar; Rasheed, Amer

doi:10.1007/s11128-019-2410-7

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…By comparing the data in Table 10, the information entropy of the encryption algorithm designed in this paper is closer to 8. Furthermore, the average result of information entropy result for the Lena image is superior to that of other algorithms [2,8,13,26]. Additionally, it can be observed that the color images encrypted using the algorithm proposed in this paper exhibit a high level of randomness.…”

Section: Information Entropy Analysismentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The inherent characteristics of images, such as tight correlation, high redundancy, and block data capacity between adjacent pixels, distinguish image encryption from text encryption. Encryption is the process of hiding secret information by converting it into an unrecognizable form [1][2][3][4][5]. Therefore, network information security has become an important area of scientific research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Color Image-Encryption Algorithm Using Extended DNA Coding and Zig-Zag Transform Based on a Fractional-Order Laser System

Meng,

2023

Fractal Fract

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With the advancement of information technology, the security of digital images has become increasingly important. To ensure the integrity of images, a novel color image-encryption algorithm based on extended DNA coding, Zig-Zag transform, and a fractional-order laser system is proposed in this paper. First, the dynamic characteristics of the fractional-order laser chaotic system (FLCS) were analyzed using a phase diagram and Lyapunov exponent spectra. The chaotic sequences generated by the system were used to design image-encryption algorithms. Second, a modified Zig-Zag confusing method was adopted to confuse the image. Finally, in the diffusion link, the DNA encoding scheme was extended to allow for a greater number of DNA encoding rules, increasing the randomness of the matrix and improving the security of the encryption scheme. The performance of the designed encryption algorithm is analyzed using key space, a histogram, information entropy, correlation coefficients, differential attack, and robustness analysis. The experimental results demonstrate that the algorithm can withstand multiple decryption methods and has strong encryption capability. The proposed novel color image-encryption scheme enables secure communication of digital images.

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Section: Information Entropy Analysismentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Color Image-Encryption Algorithm Using Extended DNA Coding and Zig-Zag Transform Based on a Fractional-Order Laser System

Meng,

2023

Fractal Fract

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“…Generally, image encryption uses two basic tools which are scrambling and diffusion. Although the quantum image encryption is still in its first steps, researchers begin to study new encryption techniques as in [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. In [15], the authors introduced a quantum medical image encryption scheme which uses gray code and a chaotic map.…”

Section: B Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3. Most of the existing quantum image encryption schemes as in [15][16][17][18], [22], [24][25][26], [31,32], and [34][35][36][37] use two independent rounds, scrambling and diffusion. In the scrambling round, the qubits are reordered with different types scrambling as gray code, bit-plane, Arnold map, Baker map, Hilbert transform, while in the diffusion round the qubit values are changed using XOR with a secret key.…”

Section: Contribution and Paper Organizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Image Encryption Using a Self-Adaptive Hash Function-Controlled Chaotic Map (SAHF-CCM)

Abdelfatah

2022

IEEE Access

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Recently, quantum image encryption algorithms are attracting more and more attention, due to the upcoming quantum threat problem to the current cryptographic encryption algorithms with the rapid progress toward the quantum computer production. The aim of this paper is to introduce a self-adaptive encryption scheme to protect quantum image efficiently with minimal storage requirements. The methodology is to use two rounds of encryption with two different pseudorandom number sequences which are obtained from a new designed pseudorandom number generator (PRNG). This PRNG consists of two parts. The first part is based on iterating a recently proposed chaotic-based parallel keyed hash function which is used as a controller for a second part. The second part is a multiplication of Tent and Chebyshev chaotic maps (TCM). This combination of hash function and chaotic maps provides high randomness and a dramatical increase in the control parameters and initial values number which achieves extremely large key space and so makes the scheme stronger against brute force attacks. The seed or initial value of PRNG depends on the input image itself which makes the scheme self-adaptive and so it is stronger against chosen plaintext attacks and known-plaintext attacks. In the first round of encryption, the value of each pixel qubits of the input image is changed to a new value by XORing it with the corresponding qubits of the first pseudorandom sequence using CNOT and Toffoli quantum gates then shifting to the next qubit with the Swap quantum gate. In this round, the pixel value is changed. In the second round, diffusion of the changed pixel value is extended to each pixel in the input image using the second pseudorandom sequence and Toffoli quantum gates. The time complexity of the proposed scheme is less than many recently published quantum image encryption schemes. The scheme security analysis is discussed, and the experimental results proved that the scheme is robust, secure and efficient.

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“…Almost all of these methods are designed for traditional digital images, while the encryption of quantum images remains in its infancy. However, as the traditional computer approaches its physical limits, researchers are beginning to study a new computing model, and quantum computers have produced a series of satisfactory encryption results [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. For example, EI-Latif [11] presented an encryption algorithm of quantum medical images.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Quantum Image Encryption Method Based on DNACNot

Zhou

2020

IEEE Access

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The image is one of the most important means to store information, and is widely used in every aspect of life. However, the characteristics of images enable them to be easily stolen, tampered with, and copied. Researchers have proposed many encryption methods, with most applying only to traditional digital images. There are few encryption methods for quantum images, and quantum image-oriented encryption technology has begun to attract researchers' attention. This study proposes a quantum image encryption method based on DNA Controlled-Not (DNACNot). Based on the quantum image information, encryption parameters are obtained and transferred as part of a chaotic initial key. Two natural DNA sequences are amplified to obtain the DNA coordinate sequence, and a modified chaos game representation is used to modify the DNA coordinate sequence, which is then used to correct the sequence generated by chaos. The resulting sequence is converted to an integer sequence to obtain DNACNot. A controlled-not operation is performed between DNACNot and the quantum image is scrambled by bit-plane to obtain the encrypted image. The encryption method has high security, a good encryption effect, and a large key space. The method can effectively resist exhaustive, statistical, and differential attacks. The algorithm is easy to implement at a low cost. The encryption time of our proposed method is satisfactory, and the method is suitable for real-time encryption. Moreover, the encryption results can be transmitted over the internet and stored in the cloud.

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Permutation-based special linear transforms with application in quantum image encryption algorithm

Cited by 24 publications

References 30 publications

A Color Image-Encryption Algorithm Using Extended DNA Coding and Zig-Zag Transform Based on a Fractional-Order Laser System

A Color Image-Encryption Algorithm Using Extended DNA Coding and Zig-Zag Transform Based on a Fractional-Order Laser System

Quantum Image Encryption Using a Self-Adaptive Hash Function-Controlled Chaotic Map (SAHF-CCM)

A Quantum Image Encryption Method Based on DNACNot

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