A Quantum Image Encryption Method Based on DNACNot

Abstract

The image is one of the most important means to store information, and is widely used in every aspect of life. However, the characteristics of images enable them to be easily stolen, tampered with, and copied. Researchers have proposed many encryption methods, with most applying only to traditional digital images. There are few encryption methods for quantum images, and quantum image-oriented encryption technology has begun to attract researchers' attention. This study proposes a quantum image encryption method based on DNA Controlled-Not (DNACNot). Based on the quantum image information, encryption parameters are obtained and transferred as part of a chaotic initial key. Two natural DNA sequences are amplified to obtain the DNA coordinate sequence, and a modified chaos game representation is used to modify the DNA coordinate sequence, which is then used to correct the sequence generated by chaos. The resulting sequence is converted to an integer sequence to obtain DNACNot. A controlled-not operation is performed between DNACNot and the quantum image is scrambled by bit-plane to obtain the encrypted image. The encryption method has high security, a good encryption effect, and a large key space. The method can effectively resist exhaustive, statistical, and differential attacks. The algorithm is easy to implement at a low cost. The encryption time of our proposed method is satisfactory, and the method is suitable for real-time encryption. Moreover, the encryption results can be transmitted over the internet and stored in the cloud.

Quantum Image Encryption Using a Self-Adaptive Hash Function-Controlled Chaotic Map (SAHF-CCM)

“…Table 2 indicates the Var of both the original and the encrypted images and comparison with other recent schemes as [16], [24], [36] which indicates that our scheme has smaller of It is clear that the original images have high Var while the encrypted images have very low values. After encryption, the variance is reduced.…”

“…In [35], a double quantum image encryption based on Arnold transform has been introduced. The authors in [36], have encrypted quantum image with DNA Controlled Not. In [37], the authors used Lorenz hyper-chaotic system for encrypting quantum image.…”

“…3. Most of the existing quantum image encryption schemes as in [15][16][17][18], [22], [24][25][26], [31,32], and [34][35][36][37] use two independent rounds, scrambling and diffusion. In the scrambling round, the qubits are reordered with different types scrambling as gray code, bit-plane, Arnold map, Baker map, Hilbert transform, while in the diffusion round the qubit values are changed using XOR with a secret key.…”

SIEA: Secure Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Chaotic Systems Optimization Algorithms and PUFs

“…Similar to the design logic proposed in the study, other design studies have highlighted the key generator [52][53][54] and used best practices of modern cryptology science [55][56][57]. Quantum systems [58,59], fractional systems [60][61][62], and medical encryption algorithms [63][64][65], which have attracted attention recently, are other current topics related to design proposals.…”

“…science [55][56][57]. Quantum systems [58,59], fractional systems [60][61][62], and medical encryption algorithms [63][64][65], which have attracted attention recently, are other current topics related to design proposals. The encrypted images obtained for the sample test images in Figure 8 using the proposed algorithm are given in Figure 9.…”