Permeable reactive barrier of coarse sand-supported zero valent iron for the removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol in groundwater

Gao, Weimin; Zhang, Yongxiang; Zhang, Xiaoye; Duan, Zhilong; Wang, Youhao; Qin, Can; Hu, Xiao; Wang, Hao; Chang, Shan

doi:10.1007/s11356-015-4912-x

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The filling reactive material is chosen according to the type of contaminants to be removed. Iron metal, Fe (0) , is mainly used as a reactive media of PRBs acting by converting the contaminants, such as chlorophenols, nitrates and chlorinated hydrocarbons to non-toxic or immobile species (Lee et al, 2017;Gao et al, 2015;Chen et al , 2011). Organic materials are, instead, among the best reactive media to promote biological process for the remediation of other contaminants, such as nitrate and sulphate (Powell et al, 1998).…”

Section: Prbsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An optimized configuration of adsorptive wells for the remediation of an aquifer contaminated by multiple aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants

Bortone

Chianese

Erto

et al. 2019

Science of The Total Environment

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Adsorptive wells arrays are an innovative outline of Permeable Reactive Barrier (PRBs) made of a definite number of passive deep wells opportunely distributed in the aquifer, known as PAB-D (Discontinuous Permeable Adsorptive Barrier). They are generally located downstream the contaminated groundwater flow and perpendicularly to the groundwater flow direction. Being PAB-D wells filled with adsorbing media, whose hydraulic permeability is higher than the surrounding media, the array will create a targeted capture zone, which will force the contaminated water to pass through the whole PAB-D, allowing for both the interception of the contaminant plume and its treatment. In this work, an optimized configuration of PAB-D is presented, for the in situ-remediation of an aquifer simultaneously contaminated by benzene and toluene. The design optimization of the PAB-D was performed by using COMSOL Multiphysics ® , in which numerical simulations reproduced the transport and the adsorptive phenomena occurring inside the aquifer and the barrier itself. The proposed technique was applied to the remediation of an aquifer located in an urban area in the north of Naples (Italy), in proximity of numerous landfills, where the contamination was spread over an area of 0.10 km 2. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the PAB-D, being both pollutant plumes intercepted and their concentrations reduced below their correspondent Italian regulatory threshold values. The best array configuration of PAB-D resulted made of 741 wells, each

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Section: Prbsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An optimized configuration of adsorptive wells for the remediation of an aquifer contaminated by multiple aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants

Bortone

Chianese

Erto

et al. 2019

Science of The Total Environment

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“…2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), a priority pollutant, has been widely used in the production of insecticides, herbicides, flame retardants, and wood preservatives. − It has become one of the most abundant chlorophenols (CPs) in aquatic environments around the globe due to its extensive use in agriculture and manufacturing . For instance, 2,4-DCP concentrations were reported to be 0–4.89 μg/L in river water in France, 0.1–6.72 μg/L in wastewater in Australia, 0.1–10 μg/L in river water in the Republic of South Africa, and 0.01–19.96 μg/L in surface water in China. − Studies have shown that 2,4-DCP is an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) that induces lipid accumulation, reactive oxygen species formation, and epigenetic programming and could impact the transcription levels of crucial genes in the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis of zebrafish. − In addition, 2,4-DCP exposure could also induce estrogenic effects, such as increased female ratio and vitellogenin (VTG) levels in zebrafish. − However, the effects of 2,4-DCP on primordial germ cell (PGC) numbers, an important factor in zebrafish sex differentiation, remain to be elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2,4-Dichlorophenol Increases Primordial Germ Cell Numbers via ESR2a-Dependent Pathway in Zebrafish Larvae

Liu

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Previous studies have reported the feminizing effects of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) on zebrafish (Danio rerio). However, the effect of 2,4-DCP on the number of primordial germ cells (PGCs), an indicator for early sex differentiation, remains elusive. In the present study, Tg (piwil1:egfp-UTR nanos3) zebrafish (GFP-labeled PGCs) were treated with 2,4-DCP (10, 20, and 40 μg/L) from 5 to 15 days postfertilization to explore the effect on PGC numbers and to elucidate associated molecular mechanisms. The results showed that 2,4-DCP exposure increased PGC numbers, as evidenced by larger GFP fluorescent areas, upregulated expressions of PGC marker genes (vasa and dnd), and raised the female ratio. Notably, the mRNA level of estrogen receptor 2a (esr2a) was also increased subsequently. Moreover, docking studies revealed stable 2,4-DCP interactions with ESR2a, speculating a role of ESR2a signaling pathway in 2,4-DCP toxicity. Furthermore, in esr2a knockout (esr2a –/–) zebrafish, the effects of 2,4-DCP were considerably minimized, proving the involvement of the ESR2a signaling pathway in the 2,4-DCP-mediated increase in PGC numbers. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and point mutation studies demonstrated that 2,4-DCP-stimulated promoter activity was mediated by estrogen response element (ERE) located in −686/–674 of the vasa promoter and −731/–719 of the dnd promoter. Overall, 2,4-DCP can potentially enhance the expression of vasa and dnd by binding to zebrafish ESR2a, thus leading to increased PGC numbers and subsequent female-biased sex differentiation.

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Microbial and mineral evolution in zero valent iron-based permeable reactive barriers during long-term operations

Kumar

Millot

Battaglia-Brunet

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Impacts of subsurface biogeochemical processes over time have always been a concern for the long-term performance of zero valent iron (Fe(0))-based permeable reactive barriers (PRBs). To evaluate the biogeochemical impacts, laboratory experiments were performed using flow-through glass columns for 210 days at controlled temperature (20 °C). Two different particle sizes of Fe(0) were used in the columns, and to simulate indigenous microbial activity, extra carbon source was provided in the two columns (biotic columns) and the remaining two columns were kept abiotic using gamma radiations. Heavy metals (Zn, As) were removed efficiently in all the columns, and no exhaustion of treatment capability or clogging was observed during our experimental duration. Newly formed Fe mineral phases and precipitates were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), and micro-XRF techniques in solid phase at the end of the experiment. In addition, 16S rRNA gene extraction was used for microbial community identification in biotic columns. During the incubation, microbial population shifted in favor of Desulfosporosinus species (sulfate-reducing bacteria) from initial dominance of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans in sediments. Dominant mineral phases detected in biotic columns were mackinawite (FeS) and sulfate green rust, while in abiotic columns, magnetite/maghemite phases were more prevalent.

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Permeable reactive barrier of coarse sand-supported zero valent iron for the removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol in groundwater

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

An optimized configuration of adsorptive wells for the remediation of an aquifer contaminated by multiple aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants

An optimized configuration of adsorptive wells for the remediation of an aquifer contaminated by multiple aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants

2,4-Dichlorophenol Increases Primordial Germ Cell Numbers via ESR2a-Dependent Pathway in Zebrafish Larvae

Microbial and mineral evolution in zero valent iron-based permeable reactive barriers during long-term operations

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