Permanent Pastures Improved with Sod‐seeding and Fertilization<sup>1</sup>

Decker, A. M.; Retzer, H. J.; Sarna, M. L.; Kerr, Harold D.

doi:10.2134/agronj1969.00021962006100020021x

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…Blowes et al (1985) demonstrated that, under field conditions, glyphosate did not reduce the growth of planted legumes when they were planted after glyphosate was applied at 0.54 and 1.08 kg a.i. ha −1 There have also been reports of successful establishment of legumes into existing pastures without using herbicides to suppress competing vegetation (Decker et al, 1969; Taylor and Allinson, 1983).…”

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Interseeding Kura Clover and Birdsfoot Trefoil into Existing Cool‐Season Grass Pastures

2001

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Legumes in cool‐season grass pastures can improve productivity and quality. In May of 1997 and 1998, a split‐split plot field experiment with six replications was planted in Morris, MN to evaluate the effect of sod suppression, planting method, and legume species on establishment of legumes into existing cool‐season grass pastures and to evaluate kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum Bieb.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) as potential species for interseeding in the North Central region. Whole‐plot sod suppression treatments were (i) 0.62 kg a.i. ha−1 glyphosate [isopropylamine of N‐(phosphono‐methyl) glycine] or (ii) no glyphosate. Subplot planting methods were (i) no‐till drilling, (ii) broadcasting seed on the soil, (iii) broadcasting seed followed by harrowing, and (iv) broadcasting seed followed by a light disking. Legume species sub‐subplots were (i) alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), (ii) red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), (iii) kura clover, and (iv) birdsfoot trefoil. Stand data were collected in the fall of the planting year and in the spring of the second growing season. Averaged across planting methods and species, legume stands were 38% where glyphosate was used and 3% where it was not. No differences or interactions were detected for planting method (P > 0.12). In this study, if competing vegetation was suppressed, stands were >31% regardless of planting method. When sod was suppressed, alfalfa established better stands than the other legume species. The overriding factor in the ability to establish legumes in this study was the suppression of existing vegetation during establishment.

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Interseeding Kura Clover and Birdsfoot Trefoil into Existing Cool‐Season Grass Pastures

2001

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“…In Australia, sur• face sowing of pasture species with the use of herbicides for sod control has produced adequate stands (3). In the United States, several researchers have reported successful interseeding when using sod-seeding drills and paraquat (1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium ion) for sod suppression (2,6,12).…”

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Glyphosate Timing Effects on Establishment of Sod‐Seeded Legumes and Grasses¹

Welty¹,

Delaney²,

Hensleigh

1981

Agronomy Journal

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Sod‐seeding establishment of small‐seeded legumes and grasses has great potential for increasing forage production on previously non‐tillable lands. However, consistently successful stand establishment has been difficult to achieve via sod‐seeding. Even when adequate stands are obtained, they often lack the vigor associated with conventional establishment. A delay between the spraying of a non‐selective chemical for sod control and seeding with a minimum‐till drill has been suggested to improve sod‐seeding stand establishment. We conducted two field experiments to determine the optimum time interval needed between spraying glyphosate [N‐(phosphonomethyl) glycine] and sod‐seeding various grass and legume species with minimum‐till drills. The soils were classified as Cumulic Haploborolls and Ustic Tomfluvents in the first experiment and Udic Haploborolls and Typic Eutrochrepts in the second. A 14 day interval between spraying glyphosate and sodseeding alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), alsike clover (Trifolium hybridum L.), and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) with either the John Deere Powr‐till drill or the Melroe 701 No‐till drill was needed for adequate establishment at Laramie, Wyoming in 1978. In 1979, a 7 to 14 day spray‐plant interval was needed for adequate establishment of alfalfa, alsike clover, creeping meadow foxtail (Alopecurus mundinaceus Poir.), and meadow bromegrass (Bromus biebersteinii Roem. & Schult.) when seeding with the John Deere drill. When seeding with the Melroe drill in 1979, no differences among spray‐plant intervals were obtained for the same species. At Kalipell, Montana in 1978, a 28 day delay between spraying glyphosate and sod‐seeding alfalfa with the John Deere drill was needed for adequate establishment; whereas ladino clover (Trifolium repens L.) required a 14 day interval between spraying and seeding. In 1979 at Kalispell, a 28 day spray‐plant interval was needed for adequate establishment of alfalfa. Ladino clover establiihment was very poor for all spray‐plant intervals. Inadequate legume establishment was associated with slug (Agriolimax reticulatum Müller) predation. Spraying 28 days prior to seeding allowed sufficient time for grass desiccation. This permitted sunlight to penetrate the canopy which dried out the furrow thereby providing a less favorable slug environment.

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“…L EGUMES are important in permanent pastures for high forage yield (2,5,6). Productivity of pastures with shallow soils has been found to be closely associated with past management and legume content 3 • Legumes have been reported to improve animal performance (2,9). Results from long-term pasture studies in Virginia (2) indicated steers gained 14% niore when grazing grass-legume mixtures than when grazing N fertilized grass.…”

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Yield, Legume Introduction, and Persistence in Permanent Pastures¹

Baker¹

1980

Agronomy Journal

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Permanent pasture in hill land is frequently on steep and/or rough land unsuited to frequent travel with ground equipment. Ways are needed to introduce and maintain legumes on such land. This study involved 18 treatments using P (208 kg/ha), Mo (2.2 kg/ha), lime (6.5 metric ton/ha), rototilling and white clover, Trifolium repens L. seed (2.2 kg/ha) in various combinations on two permanent pastures in central West Virginia to investigate ways of increasing yields and introducing legumes, and to determine persistence of introduced legumes. A limestone soil (Typic Hapludalf) produced higher yields when treated than a sandstone soil (Typic Dystrochrept) but the reverse was true when no treatments were applied. Legume introduction was more successful on limestone soil than sandstone soil. Phosphorus application was the most critical aspect of treatment on the limestone soil relative to legume introduction and yield increase, whereas liming was the most critical aspect of treatment on the sandstone soil. Legumes on the limestone soil accounted for over 75% of the total forage produced on some plots the year following treatment. Total legume content decreased after the 2nd year and reached a low of near 10% during the 4th year. Volunteer legumes, mostly white clover and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), accounted for as high a percentage of the total yield as the seeded legume during the 4th and 5th years. On the sandstone soil none of the treatments resulted in enough legumes to account for more than 20% of the forage. Introduction of legumes increased yield and skewed the seasonal distribution pattern toward a higher percentage of total yields early in the season. Molybdenum did not influence legume introduction, yield, or persistence.

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Permanent Pastures Improved with Sod‐seeding and Fertilization¹

Cited by 19 publications

References 7 publications

Interseeding Kura Clover and Birdsfoot Trefoil into Existing Cool‐Season Grass Pastures

Interseeding Kura Clover and Birdsfoot Trefoil into Existing Cool‐Season Grass Pastures

Glyphosate Timing Effects on Establishment of Sod‐Seeded Legumes and Grasses¹

Yield, Legume Introduction, and Persistence in Permanent Pastures¹

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Permanent Pastures Improved with Sod‐seeding and Fertilization1

Cited by 19 publications

References 7 publications

Interseeding Kura Clover and Birdsfoot Trefoil into Existing Cool‐Season Grass Pastures

Interseeding Kura Clover and Birdsfoot Trefoil into Existing Cool‐Season Grass Pastures

Glyphosate Timing Effects on Establishment of Sod‐Seeded Legumes and Grasses1

Yield, Legume Introduction, and Persistence in Permanent Pastures1

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Permanent Pastures Improved with Sod‐seeding and Fertilization¹

Glyphosate Timing Effects on Establishment of Sod‐Seeded Legumes and Grasses¹

Yield, Legume Introduction, and Persistence in Permanent Pastures¹