Permanency Planning: Another Remedy in Jeopardy?

Fein, Edith; Maluccio, Anthony N.

doi:10.1086/603926

Cited by 36 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…16,17,20,41 Little is known about the types of services, if any, families receive after reunification. It is critical to know if better child and family outcomes can be achieved with intensive services.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 After the passage of Public Law 96 -272, the number of children in foster care and the length of time they spent in foster care initially decreased. 15,16 By the mid-1980s, however, the number of children entering foster care was rising and increased dramatically by 95.3% (280 000 -547 000) from 1986 to 1999. 18,19 The outcome literature examining the effects of Public Law 96 -272 has primarily focused on descriptive data, reporting that between 50% and 75% of children placed in out-of-home care eventually reunify, and between 20% and 40% of those reunified subsequently reenter foster care.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…14,15 The goals of this law were to decrease the number of children in foster care, decrease the length of time children spent in foster care, and increase permanent placements. 16 This legislation directed child welfare policy toward reunification (defined as the physical reunion of children in foster care with their families of origin 17 ) for almost 2 decades. 9 After the passage of Public Law 96 -272, the number of children in foster care and the length of time they spent in foster care initially decreased.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Children Who Return Home From Foster Care: A 6-Year Prospective Study of Behavioral Health Outcomes in Adolescence

2001

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ABSTRACT. Objective. Returning children to their biological families after placement in foster care (ie, reunification) has been prioritized with legislation. Comprehensive studies of child behavioral health functioning after reunification, however, have not been conducted. This study examined outcomes for youth who were reunified after placement in foster care as compared with youth who did not reunify.Design. Prospective cohort. Setting. Children who entered foster care in San Diego, California, and who remained in foster care for at least 5 months.Participants. A cohort of 149 ethnically diverse youth, 7 to 12 years old, who entered foster care between May 1990, and October 1991. Seventy-five percent of those interviewed at Time 1 were interviewed at Time 2 (6 years later).Outcome Measures. 1) Risk behaviors: delinquent, sexual, self-destructive, substance use, and total risk behaviors; 2) Life-course outcomes: pregnancy, tickets/arrests, suspensions, dropping out of school, and grades; 3) Current symptomatology: externalizing, internalizing, total behavior problems, and total competence.Results. Compared with youth who were not reunified, reunified youth showed more self-destructive behavior (0.15 vs ؊0.11), substance use (0.16 vs ؊0.11), and total risk behavior problem standardized scores (0.12 vs ؊0.09). Reunified youth were more likely to have received a ticket or have been arrested (49.2% vs 30.2%), to have dropped out of school (20.6% vs 9.4%), and to have received lower grades (6.5 vs 7.4). Reunified youth reported more current problems in internalizing behaviors (56.6 vs 53.0), and total behavior problems (59.5 vs 55.7), and lower total competence (41.1 vs 45.0). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups on delinquency, sexual behaviors, pregnancy, suspensions, or externalizing behaviors. Reunification status was a significant predictor of negative outcomes in 8 of the 9 regression equations after controlling for Time 1 behavior problems, age, and gender.Conclusions. These findings suggest that youth who reunify with their biological families after placement in foster care have more negative outcomes than youth who do not reunify. The implications of these findings for policy and practice are discussed. Pediatrics 2001;108(1). URL: http://www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/108/1/ e10; foster care, risk behaviors, child abuse, adolescence.ABBREVIATIONS. SD, standard deviation; CBCL, Child Behavior Checklist.C hildren entering foster care have high rates of emotional, behavioral, developmental, and physical health problems and are in need of many specialized services. [1][2][3][4][5][6] In one California study, children in foster care comprised Ͻ4% of Medi-Cal-eligible children, but accounted for 41% of all children who used Medi-Cal mental health services. 7 The limited long-term research on children in foster care suggests that they are at risk for continued difficulties, including not finishing high school, incarceration, and chronic problems with employment and housing....

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Children Who Return Home From Foster Care: A 6-Year Prospective Study of Behavioral Health Outcomes in Adolescence

2001

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“…Since the mid-1970s, permanency planning has been a guiding principle in child protection (Fein & Maluccio, 1992). Initially for children in out-of-home care, the concept of permanency planning now encompasses a systematic, goal-directed and timely approach to case planning for all children subject to child protection intervention aimed at promoting stability and continuity (Maluccio et al, 1986;Marsh & Triseliotis, 1993;Thoburn, 1994).…”

Section: What Is Permanency Planning?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most importantly, permanency planning is about relationships, identity and a sense of belonging (Lahti, 1982;Fein & Maluccio, 1992;Brydon, 2004;Sanchez, 2004). It is recognised that continuity and stability are not only found through placement, but also that enduring relationships can be established and maintained through family contact (including with extended family, such as grandparents, cousins etc.…”

Section: What Is Permanency Planning?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Permanency Planning in Foster Care: A Research Review and Guidelines for Practitioners

Tilbury¹,

Osmond

2006

Australian Social Work

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Permanency planning is a systematic, goal-directed and timely approach to case planning for children subject to child protection intervention aimed at promoting stability and continuity. The present paper reviews research into the area of permanency planning within the foster care system, with the aim of promoting research-informed policy and practice. Research published in both journals and books between 1998 and 2005 was reviewed. Exceptions to this were previously published seminal articles and texts that are theoretically and empirically important. The results of the present review indicate that permanency planning is theoretically informed by attachment theory and understandings of child development and identity formation. Decision making should be individualised, timely and culturally appropriate. Children themselves, their parents and carers all need to be involved in planning. Practitioners must be prepared to undertake extensive observation and assessment to serve the best interests of children when making permanency decisions.

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The literature on prevention

Gough¹

1994

Child Abuse Review

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Virtually all that is written about child abuse is in some way concerned with prevention, though the literature specifically described as prevention mostly concerns the avoidance of the initial occurrence of abuse. Reviews of the possibilities and limitations of such prevention can be found in Browne and Herbert (1995), Gough (1 993a), Holman (1 988), Willis, Holden and Rosenberg (1 992) and Wolfe (1993). Detailed descriptions and discussion of preventive intervention studies can be found in Gough (1 993b), Mac-Millan et al. (1 994) and Wekerle and Wolfe (1 995).

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Permanency Planning: Another Remedy in Jeopardy?

Cited by 36 publications

References 13 publications

Children Who Return Home From Foster Care: A 6-Year Prospective Study of Behavioral Health Outcomes in Adolescence

Children Who Return Home From Foster Care: A 6-Year Prospective Study of Behavioral Health Outcomes in Adolescence

Permanency Planning in Foster Care: A Research Review and Guidelines for Practitioners

The literature on prevention

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