Peritonitis by Aureobasidium pullulans in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

Perez, Robert; Chacón, Jesús Carratalá; Fidalgo, A.; Martin, Julie; Paraíso, Vicente; Muñoz‐Bellido, Juan Luis

doi:10.1093/ndt/12.7.1544

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…No standard treatment exists for Aureobasidium infections but amphotericin B is recommended because it has been successfully used to treat systemic infection, meningitis and peritonitis . However, two cases of fungaemia reported to have amphotericin B treatment failure are on record .…”

Section: Black Fungal Species With Clinical Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, two cases of fungaemia reported to have amphotericin B treatment failure are on record . Other alternative treatment options which are reported to be effective in localized infections could be fluconazole and flucytosine . In vitro studies revealed that this organism showed variable degrees of susceptibility to commonly used antifungals (Table ) .…”

Section: Black Fungal Species With Clinical Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aureobasidium pullulans has an affinity for synthetic materials and surgically implanted silastic devices, as the fungus has been isolated from indwelling peritoneal dialysis catheters and central venous lines . In severely compromised patients deep infections are encountered, and the fungus has been isolated from blood, bronchoalveolar lavage, lymph nodes, splenic abscess or cerebrospinal fluid .…”

Section: Black Fungal Species With Clinical Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

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ESCMID and ECMM joint clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of systemic phaeohyphomycosis: diseases caused by black fungi

Chowdhary

Meis

Guarro

et al. 2014

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

290

253

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The aetiological agents of many invasive fungal infections are saprobes and opportunistic pathogens. Some of these fungi are darkly pigmented due to melanin production and traditionally have been named 'dematiaceous'. The melanized fungi cause a wide array of clinical syndromes ranging from superficial to deep-seated infections. Diagnosis relies on histopathological examination of clinical specimens and on examination of cultures. Sequencing is recommended for accurate species identification, especially for unusual or newly described pathogens. In cases of mycetoma and chromoblastomycosis, pathognomonic histological findings are useful and the Fontana-Masson stain, specific for melanin, usually confirms the diagnosis. There are no standardized therapies but voriconazole, posaconazole and itraconazole demonstrate the most consistent in vitro activity against this group of fungi. Oral itraconazole has been considered the drug of choice, given the extensive clinical experience with this drug. However, voriconazole may presumably be superior for central nervous system infections because of its ability to achieve good levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. Posaconazole is a well-tolerated alternative drug, backed by less clinical experience but with excellent salvage treatment results after failure of other antifungals. Amphotericin B has been useful as alternative therapy in some cases. Combination antifungal therapy is recommended for cerebral abscesses when surgery is not possible and for disseminated infections in immunocompromised patients.

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Section: Black Fungal Species With Clinical Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Black Fungal Species With Clinical Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Black Fungal Species With Clinical Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

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ESCMID and ECMM joint clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of systemic phaeohyphomycosis: diseases caused by black fungi

Chowdhary

Meis

Guarro

et al. 2014

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

290

253

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The third case of subcutaneous nodular fungal infection caused by Aureobasidium pullulans is the first case being reported from India. Aureobasidium pullulans is a saprophytic dematiaceous fungus widely distributed in the environment, and it can be isolated from soil, decaying plant debris, wood, rock, and household dust as well as human hair, skin, and nails [ 14 – 16 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual Fungal Infections in Renal Transplant Recipients

Eswarappa

Varma

Madhyastha

et al. 2015

Case Reports in Transplantation

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Fungal infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in renal transplant recipients. The causative agent and the risk factors differ depending on the period after the kidney transplant. Also the incidence varies according to the geographical area. We are reporting three cases of fungal infections in renal transplant recipients. Two of them have etiological agents which are common among immunosuppressed patients, but with an atypical clinical presentation, while one of them is a subcutaneous infection caused by a less frequent dematiaceous fungus, Aureobasidium pullulans. These cases highlight how a high index of clinical suspicion and prompt diagnosis is very much essential for better outcome. The emerging fungal infections and paucity of data regarding their management pose a challenge to the transplant physicians.

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“…Cases mostly concern superficial infections in healthy individuals, including onychomycosis or keratitis . Systemic infections, for example, peritonitis or disseminated infections exclusively occur in patients with severe immune disorders, in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis or in neonates, which is in line with the opportunistic nature of the fungus …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative pathogenicity of opportunistic black yeasts in Aureobasidium

Wang

Danesi

James

et al. 2019

Mycoses

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Summary Aureobasidium pullulans and A. melanogenum are black‐yeast‐like surface colonisers and are commonly encountered as contaminants in the hospital. The species are able to produce melanin which play a role in protection against environmental stress and irradiation. Aureobasidium melanogenum shows higher frequency in opportunistic infections compared to A. pullulans. Comparative pathogenicity of opportunistic black yeasts between Aureobasidium pullulans and A. melanogenum to explain the observed differences in frequency in infection. Degrees of melanisation and thermotolerance were measured, and virulence of strains from different sources was examined in Galleria mellonela and murine infection models. Aureobasidium melanogenum responds with increased melanisation to temperature stress and generally survives at 37°C, A. pullulans on average scored less on these parameters. In the murine model, differences between species were not significant, but the melanised A. melanogenum group showed the highest virulence. This result was not reproducible in Galleria mellonella larvae at 25°C. The A. melanogenum black group showed higher pathogenicity in murine model, indicating that the combination of melanisation and thermotolerance rather than species affiliation is instrumental. Galleria larvae did not survive very well at 37°C, and hence, this model is judged insufficient to detect the small virulence differences observed in Aureobasidium.

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Peritonitis by Aureobasidium pullulans in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

ESCMID and ECMM joint clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of systemic phaeohyphomycosis: diseases caused by black fungi

ESCMID and ECMM joint clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of systemic phaeohyphomycosis: diseases caused by black fungi

Unusual Fungal Infections in Renal Transplant Recipients

Comparative pathogenicity of opportunistic black yeasts in Aureobasidium

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