Peritoneal Mucormycosis in a Patient on CAPD

Nayak, Sunil S; Satish, Renuka; Gokulnath,; Savio, Jayanthi; Rajalakshmi, T

doi:10.1177/089686080702700225

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A total of 200 cases of GI mucormycosis in non‐classical immunosuppressed or apparently immunocompetent hosts reported during 1948 through 2017 in English literature . The case details could be retrieved for 176 cases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal mucormycosis in apparently immunocompetent hosts—A review

Kaur

Ghosh

Rudramurthy

et al. 2018

Mycoses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GI) mucormycosis is always a challenge due to its non-specific clinical presentations and often diagnosed at autopsy. Recently increased number of GI mucormycosis has been reported in immunocompetent hosts and during 1948 through 2017, 200 cases of GI mucormycosis are available in literature. We could review 176 cases where case details were available. Majority (50.6%) of the cases were reported from Asia. The disease is nearly equally recorded in adults and paediatric population. The infection commonly affected the intestine (64.2%) followed by stomach (33%). A significant improvement in antemortem diagnosis was noted since 2001. Rhizopus species were the predominant (67.5%) aetiological agents. Amphotericin B was the most commonly used drug (93.4%). Despite improvement of antemortem diagnosis and therapy, the mortality was 60.5% and 67.5% in adults and children respectively. Combined medical and surgical therapy (reported in 47.8% patients) had significantly better survival rate than those receiving either of them. Analysing the clinical presentations, we propose to suspect GI mucormycosis in a malnourished/ dehydrated child (especially premature neonate) with history of exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics or formula/spoon feeding and presenting with mass in abdomen, abdominal distension or bilious vomiting; and an adult presenting with abdominal distension, fever or GI bleed with underlying risk factors for mucormycosis.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal mucormycosis in apparently immunocompetent hosts—A review

Kaur

Ghosh

Rudramurthy

et al. 2018

Mycoses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Mucorales usually cause acute angioinvasive ROC, pulmonary, gastrointestinal or cutaneous infections in immunocompromised patients (Chakrabarti et al , 2001, 2006, 2009). In addition, these fungi have been implicated in central-venous-catheter-associated fungaemia (Chan-Tack et al , 2005), peritonitis in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (Branton et al , 1990; Fergie et al , 1992; Nakamura et al , 1989; Nannini et al , 2003; Nayak et al , 2007; Polo et al , 1989; Serna et al , 2003), pleuritis following implantation of drainage catheters (Kimura et al , 2009), endocarditis on native (Mehta et al , 2004; Mitchell et al , 2010) and artificial heart valves (Gubarev et al , 2007; Sanchez-Recalde et al , 1999), osteomyelitis (Chaudhuri et al , 1992; Eaton et al , 1994; Lopes et al , 1995; Meis et al , 1994; Wilkins et al , 2009), and paranasal fungal balls (Goodnight et al , 1993; Kirkpatrick et al , 1979; Lahiri et al , 2001; Robey et al , 2009). Many of these infections are associated with biofilm formation (Costerton et al , 1999; Hall-Stoodley et al , 2004; Loussert et al , 2010) and were reported to exhibit a chronic course (Eaton et al , 1994; Lahiri et al , 2001; Lopes et al , 1995).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm formation by zygomycetes: quantification, structure and matrix composition

2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Most studies on fungal biofilms have focused on Candida in yeasts and Aspergillus in mycelial fungi. To the authors’ knowledge, biofilm formation by zygomycetes has not been reported previously. In this study, the biofilm-forming capacity of Rhizopus oryzae, Lichtheimia corymbifera, Rhizomucor pusillus and Apophysomyces elegans was evaluated. At appropriate seeding spore densities, Rhp . oryzae (105 c.f.u. ml−1), L. corymbifera (104 c.f.u. ml−1) and Rhm. pusillus (104 c.f.u. ml−1) produced highly intertwined, adherent structures on flat-bottomed polystyrene microtitre plates after 24 h at 37 °C. The adhered fungal hyphae were encased in an extracellular matrix, as confirmed by phase-contrast and confocal microscopy. The thickness of Rhp. oryzae, L. corymbifera and Rhm. pusillus biofilms was 109.67±10.02, 242±23.07 and 197±9.0 µm (mean±sd), respectively. Biochemical characterization of the biofilm matrix indicated the presence of glucosamine, constituting 74.54–82.22 % of its dry weight, N-acetylglucosamine, glucose and proteins. Adherence and biofilm formation were not observed in A. elegans. Although A. elegans spores germinated at all three seeding densities tested (1×107, 1×106 and 1×105 c.f.u. ml−1), no significant difference was observed (P>0.05) between the A 490 of wells inoculated with A. elegans and the cut-off A 490 for biofilm detection. This study highlights the potential for biofilm formation by at least three medically important species of zygomycetes.

show abstract

“…A rare manifestation of zygomycosis is a primary renal form that is usually confirmed at autopsy [71,72] Although rare, bilateral renal zygomycosis should be suspected in any immunocompromised patient who presents with haematuria, flank pain, and unexplained anuric renal failure. Rare manifestations of zygomycosis are involvement of the peritoneal cavity in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis [57,73–75], brain involvement without rhino‐orbital participation in leukaemic patients and intravenous drug abusers [76], and endocarditis in patients with artificial heart valves and rarely endocarditis on native heart valves. [77–79].…”

Section: Clinical Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical presentation of zygomycosis

Mantadakis

Samonis

2009

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

103

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Zygomycetes are filamentous fungi with a worldwide distribution. This class of fungi encompasses two orders, i.e. the Mucorales and the Entomophthorales. Members of the latter are associated with chronic cutaneous and subcutaneous infections that are limited to the tropics and rarely disseminate to internal organs. The order Mucorales includes several species involved in rhinocerebral, pulmonary, cutaneous, gastrointestinal and other less frequent infections in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals, and is characterized by a tendency to disseminate. Portals of entry of zygomycetes are usually the lungs, skin, and gastrointestinal tract. A characteristic property of zygomycetes is their tendency to invade blood vessels and to cause thrombosis-processes that result in subsequent necrosis of involved tissues. Risk factors associated with zygomycosis include prolonged neutropenia and use of corticosteroids, solid organ or haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, AIDS, poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, iron chelation with deferoxamine, burns, wounds, malnutrition, extremes of age, and intravenous drug abuse. Recently, the widespread use of voriconazole for prophylaxis or treatment of aspergillosis in patients with haematological malignancies has been linked with a rise in the numbers of cases of invasive zygomycosis. As the symptoms, clinical signs and imaging findings of these infections are non-specific, a high index of suspicion is required for timely diagnosis. Early diagnosis, correction of the underlying predisposing factors, aggressive surgical debridement of all infected tissues and lengthy administration of antifungals are the only potentially curative options for this rare but emerging invasive fungal infection.

show abstract

Peritoneal Mucormycosis in a Patient on CAPD

Cited by 17 publications

References 6 publications

Gastrointestinal mucormycosis in apparently immunocompetent hosts—A review

Gastrointestinal mucormycosis in apparently immunocompetent hosts—A review

Biofilm formation by zygomycetes: quantification, structure and matrix composition

Clinical presentation of zygomycosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About