Perishing Paradigm: Race—1931–99

Lieberman, Leonard; Kirk, Rodney C.; Littlefield, Alice

doi:10.1525/aa.2003.105.1.110

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Furthermore, although it is impossible to assess the criteria for racial classification on a caseby-case basis, it is most likely that the criteria for inclusion in any given racial category also varied over the decades of the collection period as social and academic views regarding the race concept changed in the US (for examples of changes in the use of racial categories in physical anthropology, see Hrdlička, 1925;Schultz, 1930;Cobb, 1936;St. Hoyme, 1957;Cartmill, 1998;Armelagos and Van Gerven, 2003;Cartmill and Brown, 2003;Lieberman et al, 2003). Our recommendation after reviewing these data for the Terry Collection in the historical context of the period of collection is that caution should be exercised when using the reported "racial" affinity from the Terry Collection, and the interpretation of results using those racial definitions should be guarded and carefully interpreted.…”

Section: Documentation Of Individuals and Associated Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

History and demographic composition of the Robert J. Terry anatomical collection

Hunt

Albanese

2005

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

220

169

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Robert J. Terry began collecting human skeletal remains in the area of St. Louis, Missouri for research and educational purposes in 1898. He continued collecting skeletal specimens in the Anatomy Department at Washington University until his retirement in 1941. Mildred Trotter succeeded Terry as anatomy professor and continued his collecting, and strove to balance the demographic distribution of the collection. In 1967, after her retirement, the collection was moved to the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History. As with several other well-documented collections, the Terry Collection is widely used for a diverse range of anthropological and medical research. Despite its extensive use, there has been limited discussion of the collection's history and incomplete description of holdings and associated materials of this collection. In this paper, the historical background of the collection and the collection process is described; the demographic composition of the collection, and a description of the documentary and supporting data are presented; and the quality and of these data are assessed. The Terry Collection consists of 1,728 individuals. Age at death ranges from 14-102 years, with the majority of the individuals ranging from 20-80 years. Year of birth ranges from 1828-1943; the mean year of birth for males is 1880, and for females it is 1884. The mean age at death for males is 53 years, and for females it is 58 years. Terry's strict protocols for the processing of cadavers and the recording of documentary data make the Terry Collection a valuable resource for anthropological and medical research.

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Section: Documentation Of Individuals and Associated Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

History and demographic composition of the Robert J. Terry anatomical collection

Hunt

Albanese

2005

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

220

169

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“…Many now believe that most human differences are cultural. Beyond culture, natural polymorphism (genetic variations which occur in different frequencies among groups) and clines (variation over geography) have less influence over human variation 2, 3…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparities in vascular surgery: Is it biology or environment?

Nguyen

Henry

2010

Journal of Vascular Surgery

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Disparities in health care are well documented for several racial, ethnic, and gender groups. In peripheral arterial disease, differences in prevalence, treatment selection, treatment outcomes, and resulting quality of life have negative effects on some minority groups and women. It may be easy to document disparities, but it is harder to understand their underlying causes. Are there biologic differences between members of racial and ethnic groups that influence disease presentation and outcomes? Or is the socioeconomic environment that surrounds them the true driver of observed differences? This article reviews the evidence for racial and gender disparities in vascular surgery and presents some potential mechanisms that may explain the disparities.

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“…It is clear, however, that there is still debate over the utility of biological concepts of race in describing human variation, with some arguing for its use (e.g., Sarich and Miele, 2004) and others arguing against it (e.g., Brace, 2005). There is also debate over the extent to which support of the race concept within the field of physical anthropology has changed over time (Cartmill and Brown, 2003;Lieberman et al, 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

Race and global patterns of phenotypic variation

Relethford

2009

American J Phys Anthropol

117

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Phenotypic traits have been used for centuries for the purpose of racial classification. Developments in quantitative population genetics have allowed global comparison of patterns of phenotypic variation with patterns of variation in classical genetic markers and DNA markers. Human skin color shows a high degree of variation among geographic regions, typical of traits that show extensive natural selection. Even given this high level of geographic differentiation, skin color variation is clinal and is not well described by discrete racial categories. Craniometric traits show a level of among-region differentiation comparable to genetic markers, with high levels of variation within populations as well as a correlation between phenotypic and geographic distance. Craniometric variation is geographically structured, allowing high levels of classification accuracy when comparing crania from different parts of the world. Nonetheless, the boundaries in global variation are not abrupt and do not fit a strict view of the race concept; the number of races and the cutoffs used to define them are arbitrary. The race concept is at best a crude first-order approximation to the geographically structured phenotypic variation in the human species.

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Perishing Paradigm: Race—1931–99

Cited by 26 publications

References 9 publications

History and demographic composition of the Robert J. Terry anatomical collection

History and demographic composition of the Robert J. Terry anatomical collection

Disparities in vascular surgery: Is it biology or environment?

Race and global patterns of phenotypic variation

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