Periphyton improves soil conditions and offers a suitable environment for rice growth in coastal saline alkali soil

Abstract

Periphyton plays an indispensable role in coastal saline-alkali land, but its function is poorly understood. Soil physical and chemical properties (pH value, salinity, soil organic matter), enzyme activity, and microbial diversity (based on 16 s rDNA, ITS and functional genes) were measured in periphyton formed on rice-growing coastal saline-alkali soil modified by a new type of soil conditioner. The results showed that the content of organic matter and catalase activity in periphyton were significantly higher than in the unplanted control soil. Soil pH and salinity were decreased in periphyton compared to the unplanted control soil. Based on the relative abundance, bacterial genera Desulfomicrobium, Rhodobacter, cyanobacterium_scsio_T−2, Gemmatimonas, and Salinarimonas as well as fungal genus Fusarium were more abundant in periphyton than the unplanted control soil. In terms of functional genes, the cbbM and cbbL sequencing showed higher abundance of Hydrogenophaga, Rhodovulum, Magnetospira, Leptothrix, and Thiohalorhabdus, whereas the nifH sequencing indicated higher abundance of Cyanobacteria in the periphyton compared to the unplanted soil. The relative abundance and community structure of soil microorganisms were improved by periphyton, thus reducing soil salinity and pH, and increasing soil organic matter and enzyme activity. This indicated that the periphyton can improve the conditions and offer a suitable environment for plant growth in coastal saline-alkali soil.

Soil bacterial communities of three types of plants from ecological restoration areas and plant-growth promotional benefits of Microbacterium invictum (strain X-18)

“…Gemmatimonas was found to be more abundant in the rhizospheric soil of healthy plants than in diseased soil (She et al, 2016), indicating its disease-suppressing properties. Besides, Gemmatimonas can solubilize insoluble elements, induce plant stress resistance or produce antifungal antibiotics (Mahanty et al, 2017;Shang and Liu, 2020;Akinola et al, 2021;Zhu et al, 2021). In the present study, Gemmatimonas was the dominant genus in the rhizospheric soil from three plant types, accounting for up to 3.36% of all OTUs from R. pseudoacacia.…”

Bio-Organic Fertilizer Combined with Different Amendments Improves Nutrient Enhancement and Salt Leaching in Saline Soil: A Soil Column Experiment

“…This is consistent with Du et al [37], which indicated that water leaching removes a large number of harmful salt ions, such as Na + and SO 4 2− , and organic amendments increased soil permeability and promoted salt ion leaching. It is worth mentioning that at the early stage of leaching, the application of organic fertilizer alone increased the content of soluble salt in the soil (Figure 4), which may be due to the generation of salts in the composting process of bio-organic fertilizer [13].…”

“…Many researchers have reported that soil productivity and fertility can be improved by adding organic materials such as compost, green manures, food processing waste, and farmyard and poultry manures [10]. Bio-organic fertilizer is produced by fermentation with the above materials and a small amount of functional microbial strains [11,12] and has always been considered as a remediation material for improving soil nutrient content and soil fertility, promoting nutrient uptake by vegetation and reducing the toxicity of salt to plants [2,3,7,13]. In addition, considerable studies have suggested that organic fertilizer plays a crucial role in stimulating Na + leaching and electrical conductivity (EC) reduction [7,14].…”

Effects of planting quinoa on soil properties and microbiome in saline soil

“…Soil DNA extraction, PCR amplification and biological analysis were performed in Beijing Novogene Bioinformation Technology Co., Ltd., using standard methods (Li et al, 2020; Rodrigue,s, et al, 2013; Shao et al, 2018; Zhu et al, 2021).…”