Peripheral squamous cell carcinoma of lung: patterns of growth with particular focus on airspace filling

Yousem, Samuel A.

doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2008.11.008

Cited by 41 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…4e). Analysis of human cancers reveals vessel co-option in glioblastoma [182, 183], adenocarcinoma of the lung [184, 185] cutaneous melanoma [186], lung metastases of breast and renal cancer [187–189], liver metastases of colorectal and breast cancer [190, 191] and brain metastases of lung and breast cancer [192]. …”

Section: Mechanisms Of Response and Resistance To Vegf-targeted Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the source of this heterogeneity is poorly understood, one explanation could be that diverse tumour vascular biology can exist in a patient. For example, histopathological studies on human lung and liver demonstrate that tumours present in these sites display significant intra- and inter-tumour heterogeneity, utilising either angiogenesis or vessel co-option to gain access to a vascular supply [173, 184, 185, 187, 190, 191, 242, 243]. This suggests that, within the same tumour and between different tumours in the same patient, more than one mechanism to become vascularised can be utilised at any particular time.…”

Section: Future Directions For Anti-angiogenic Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anti-angiogenic therapy for cancer: current progress, unresolved questions and future directions

2014

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Tumours require a vascular supply to grow and can achieve this via the expression of pro-angiogenic growth factors, including members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family of ligands. Since one or more of the VEGF ligand family is overexpressed in most solid cancers, there was great optimism that inhibition of the VEGF pathway would represent an effective anti-angiogenic therapy for most tumour types. Encouragingly, VEGF pathway targeted drugs such as bevacizumab, sunitinib and aflibercept have shown activity in certain settings. However, inhibition of VEGF signalling is not effective in all cancers, prompting the need to further understand how the vasculature can be effectively targeted in tumours. Here we present a succinct review of the progress with VEGF-targeted therapy and the unresolved questions that exist in the field: including its use in different disease stages (metastatic, adjuvant, neoadjuvant), interactions with chemotherapy, duration and scheduling of therapy, potential predictive biomarkers and proposed mechanisms of resistance, including paradoxical effects such as enhanced tumour aggressiveness. In terms of future directions, we discuss the need to delineate further the complexities of tumour vascularisation if we are to develop more effective and personalised anti-angiogenic therapies.

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Section: Mechanisms Of Response and Resistance To Vegf-targeted Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Future Directions For Anti-angiogenic Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-angiogenic therapy for cancer: current progress, unresolved questions and future directions

2014

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“…Traditionally, in literature, the c -type has been reported to be the more common type accounting for nearly two-thirds of the cases, but we have noticed at our medical center, a busy outer city teaching hospital, a trend toward an increase in the occurrence of peripheral squamous cell cancers. Given the considerable differences in the clinicopathologic and presenting features of c -type SCC and p -type SCC, and the potential differences in carcinogenesis (4–7), we believe it is important to acknowledge to the fact that the p -type of SCC is on the rise and may account for more than 50% of the cases of SCC.…”

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confidence: 99%

The changing anatomic position of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung – a new conundrum

Krimsky¹,

Muganlinskaya

Sarkar

et al. 2016

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

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BackgroundTraditionally, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung is a central rather than a peripheral form of lung cancer. Rates of SCC in the lung periphery are typically sited in the 15–30% range. Recently, we observed that a significant portion of newly diagnosed SCC was located on a periphery. A comprehensive review of the tumor data at our facility, a busy teaching hospital with a large cohort of cancer patients, was undertaken to assess whether there had been a substantive change in the traditional epidemiologic distributions of the lung cancer, specifically with respect to SCC. Given the differences in cell biology and carcinogenesis of central versus peripheral SCC, a potential epidemiologic shift might suggest a change in tumor biology.MethodsFrom May 12, 2012 through May 13, 2013, all histopathologically confirmed diagnoses of SCC of the lung were retrospectively reviewed. Each patient's lesion was then classified as peripheral or central based on CT evidence.ResultsA total of 56 patients were diagnosed with SCC. Of these, 55% (n=31) had peripheral and 45% (n=25) had central SCC. Twenty-nine patients did not have any prior history of malignancy. Of this subset of patients, 62% (n=18) had peripheral SCC, and 38% (n=11) had central SCC.ConclusionOur findings appear to correlate with our initial observation that, within our institution, there has been a substantive shift in the traditional distribution of SCC with the majority of these cancers now being diagnosed in the lung periphery as opposed to the more central locations.

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“…Lepidic growth pattern (alveolar epithelium replacement pattern) is characterized by the replacement of alveolar lining cells and is mainly found in the peripheral area of early and slowly growing adenocarcinoma, where it indicates relatively better prognosis (Noguchi et al 1995;Yoshizawa et al 2011). The alveolar space filling growth is characterized by filling of the alveolar space without destroying the preexisting elastic framework of the alveolar septa (Funai et al 2003;Watanabe et al 2011;Yousem 2009) and is found mainly in the peripheral area of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and solid component of adenocarcinoma. On the other hand, growth patterns that destroy the normal alveolar structure are mainly found in the central areas of invasive carcinomas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interstitial growth as an aggressive growth pattern in primary lung cancer

Suzuki

Aokage

Hishida

et al. 2016

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol

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Peripheral squamous cell carcinoma of lung: patterns of growth with particular focus on airspace filling

Cited by 41 publications

References 26 publications

Anti-angiogenic therapy for cancer: current progress, unresolved questions and future directions

Anti-angiogenic therapy for cancer: current progress, unresolved questions and future directions

The changing anatomic position of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung – a new conundrum

Interstitial growth as an aggressive growth pattern in primary lung cancer

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