Peripheral nerve injuries in the pediatric population: a review of the literature. Part I: traumatic nerve injuries

Costales, Javier Robla; Socolovsky, Mariano; Sánchez-Lázaro, J.; García, Rubén Álvarez

doi:10.1007/s00381-018-3974-8

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Although nerve grafting is not frequently performed in infants and children, peripheral nerve reconstruction is required in congenital lesions, such as facial paralysis, obstetric brachial paralysis, and post-traumatic lesions [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sural nerve harvest for infants: integrated with information based on anatomical dissections

Büyükmumcu¹,

Kabakçı²,

Saygın³

et al. 2021

Turk J Med Sci

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Background/aim: The aim of the present study was to determine the course and possible variations of the sural nerve with all anatomical details in human fetal cadavers. Materials and methods: This study was performed on 60 fetal cadavers. Formation type and level of the sural nerve was detected. Results: According to trimesters, it was determined that the mean transverse and vertical distance between the lowest point of the LM and the SN varied between 1.1-2.9 mm and 1.54-3.58 mm, respectively. Type 2 was the most common seen type of sural nerve (35,83%). It was determined that sural nerve was mostly formed at the middle third of the leg (42,5%). Conclusion: Sural nerve graft with the knowledge of the anatomical details may be used for peripheral nerve reconstruction is required in congenital lesions, such as facial paralysis, obstetric brachial paralysis, and post-traumatic lesions in infants and children.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sural nerve harvest for infants: integrated with information based on anatomical dissections

Büyükmumcu¹,

Kabakçı²,

Saygın³

et al. 2021

Turk J Med Sci

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“…Children have much better and faster functional recovery than adults after nerve damage according to some reports . However, there were no significant differences in the rates of patients who had tongue numbness and increased somatosensory thresholds on the anterior tongue between the pediatric and adult groups 6 months after surgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Earlier recovery of lingual dysfunction after middle ear surgery in pediatric versus adult patients

et al. 2019

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Objectives It is generally thought that the recovery of damaged chorda tympani nerve (CTN) function after middle ear surgery is different in pediatric patients from that in adult patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes and the progress of taste and somatosensory functions of the tongue after middle ear surgery in pediatric patients compared with those of adult patients. Study Design Prospective study. Methods Fifty‐nine pediatric patients and 106 adult patients underwent middle ear surgery. Taste and somatosensory functions of the anterior tongue, the so‐called CTN functions, were assessed using electrogustometry (EGM), a 2‐point discriminator, an electrostimulator, and a questionnaire before and 2 weeks and 6 months after surgery. Results Two weeks after surgery, there was no significant difference in the incidence of dysgeusia and abnormal EGM thresholds between the patient groups. The incidence of tongue numbness was significantly lower in pediatric patients than in adult patients regardless of CTN manipulation. Although the lingual somatosensory thresholds of adult patients were significantly increased, those of pediatric patients were not increased. Six months after surgery, the incidences of dysgeusia and an abnormal EGM threshold were lower in pediatric patients than in adult patients. Tongue numbness disappeared, and the thresholds of lingual somatosensory tests returned to normal in most pediatric patients. Conclusion Not only taste function but also lingual somatosensory function was damaged after middle ear surgery even in pediatric patients. Pediatric patients complained of tongue numbness less frequently and showed earlier recovery than adult patients. Level of Evidence 2 Laryngoscope, 130:1016–1022, 2020

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“…With an increasing knowledge of the use of (acute) nerve transfers in trauma and brachial plexus birth palsy, these techniques could be incorporated in the treatment of MPNSTs as well. Especially, since children are known to experience better results after nerve reconstruction than adults [79]. Moreover, distal nerve transfers may facilitate reconstruction outside of an irradiated field and diminish time to restoration of function.…”

Section: Reconstructionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors in pediatric NF1 disease

et al. 2020

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Background Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are rare yet highly aggressive soft tissue sarcomas. Children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) have a 10% lifetime risk for development of MPNST. Prognosis remains poor and survival seems worse for NF1 patients. Methods This narrative review highlights current practices and pitfalls in the management of MPNST in pediatric NF1 patients. Results Preoperative diagnostics can be challenging, but PET scans have shown to be useful tools. More recently, functional MRI holds promise as well. Surgery remains the mainstay treatment for these patients, but careful planning is needed to minimize postoperative morbidity. Functional reconstructions can play a role in improving functional status. Radiotherapy can be administered to enhance local control in selected cases, but care should be taken to minimize radiation effects as well as reduce the risk of secondary malignancies. The exact role of chemotherapy has yet to be determined. Reports on the efficacy of chemotherapy vary as some report lower effects in NF1 populations. Promisingly, survival seems to ameliorate in the last few decades and response rates of chemotherapy may increase in NF1 populations when administering it as part of standard of care. However, in metastasized disease, response rates remain poor. New systemic therapies are therefore desperately warranted and multiple trials are currently investigating the role of drugs. Targeted drugs are nevertheless not yet included in first line treatment. Conclusion Both research and clinical efforts benefit from multidisciplinary approaches with international collaborations in this rare malignancy.

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Peripheral nerve injuries in the pediatric population: a review of the literature. Part I: traumatic nerve injuries

Abstract: All efforts should be done to repair in a timely and adequate fashion traumatic peripheral nerve injuries in children, as the results are good.

Cited by 33 publications

References 52 publications

Sural nerve harvest for infants: integrated with information based on anatomical dissections

Sural nerve harvest for infants: integrated with information based on anatomical dissections

Earlier recovery of lingual dysfunction after middle ear surgery in pediatric versus adult patients

Treatment of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors in pediatric NF1 disease

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