Peripheral field stimulation affects foveal flicker, but not color, sensitivity

He, Zijiang J.; Loop, Michael S.

doi:10.1016/0042-6989(90)90119-6

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Of primary interest here are contrast-dependent processes operating outside the classical receptive field (CRF) of retinal ganglion cells (RGC). Their existence in mammalian retina is long established (McIlwain 1964, Levick et al 1964), and they are thought to underlie certain psychophysical effects of peripheral contrast on foveal target detection (Breitmeyer et al 1980, He and Loop 1990). Several processes have been identified based on the assorted physiological phenomena produced by remote stimuli.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Remote Stimulation on the Modulated Activity of Cat Retinal Ganglion Cells

Passaglia¹,

Freeman²,

Troy³

2009

J. Neurosci.

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The output of retinal ganglion cells depends on local and global aspects of the visual scene. The local receptive field is well studied and classically consists of a linear excitatory center and a linear antagonistic surround. The global receptive field contains pools of nonlinear subunits that are distributed widely across the retina. The subunit pools mediate in uncertain ways various nonlinear behaviors of ganglion cells, like temporal-frequency doubling, saccadic suppression, and contrast adaptation. To clarify mechanisms of subunit function, we systematically examined the effect of remote grating patterns on the spike activity of cat X-and Y-type ganglion cells in vivo. We present evidence for two distinct subunit types based on spatiotemporal relationships between response nonlinearities elicited by remote drifting and contrast-reversing gratings. One subunit type is excitatory and activated by gratings of ϳ0.1 cycles per degree, while the other is inhibitory and activated by gratings of ϳ1 cycle per degree. The two subunit pools contribute to a global gain control mechanism that differentially modulates ganglion cell response dynamics, particularly for ON-center cells, where excitatory and inhibitory subunit stimulation respectively makes responses to antipreferred and preferred contrast steps more transient. We show that the excitatory subunits also have a profound influence on spatial tuning, turning cells from lowpass into bandpass filters. Based on difference-of-Gaussians model fits to tuning curves, we attribute the increased bandpass selectivity to changes in center-surround strength and relative phase and not center-surround size. A conceptual model of the extraclassical receptive field that could explain many observed phenomena is discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Remote Stimulation on the Modulated Activity of Cat Retinal Ganglion Cells

Passaglia¹,

Freeman²,

Troy³

2009

J. Neurosci.

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“…However, not every target's visibility is affected by remote peripheral stimulation; those that are, include low, but not high, spatial-frequency gratings (Green, 1983;Derrington, 1984;Bowling, 1985;Marrocco et al, 1987), brief achromatic flashes (Breitmeyer & Valberg, 1979;Breitmeyer et al, 1980) and large, brief (but not long) duration monochromatic flashes and bichromatic mixtures (Kuyk & Fuhr, 1993, 1994. Furthermore, when the foveal targets are rapidly flickering chromatic spots, thresholds for the percept of flicker, but not color or form in these stimuli, are elevated (He & Loop, 1990;Fuhr & Kuyk, 1998;Kuyk et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychophysical periphery effect crosses the vertical meridian

Kuyk

Niculescu

2001

Vis Neurosci

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This study measured the periphery effect and compared its magnitude when the peripheral stimulation was on the same or opposite side of the vertical meridian as the test spot. Test thresholds for a 1.5-deg diameter, 8-ms spot located 1.75 deg to one side of the vertical meridian were elevated by approximately 0.125 log units when a 0.25 cycles/deg (cpd) counterphased grating was presented at a similar eccentric offset on the other side of the vertical meridian. The periphery effect disappeared when the test spot was moved outward to 8-deg eccentricity. When the grating and test were presented on the same side of the vertical meridian, test thresholds at both retinal locations were elevated by the same amount, 0.2 log units. Consistent with the physiology in cat retina, the periphery effect in humans also crosses over the vertical meridian. However, the effect is small and the test spot must be in close proximity to the vertical meridian for it to be observed. Also, the crossover periphery effect is reduced in magnitude by 37.5% compared to when the grating and test are presented on the same side of the vertical meridian. This suggests there may be a difference in how the underlying neural mechanism that transmits the periphery effect signal laterally is organized for sending the periphery effect signal across the vertical meridian as compared to within a retinal hemifield.

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The effects of peripheral flicker on foveal spectral sensitivity

Kuyk¹,

Fuhr

1993

Vision Research

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Peripheral field stimulation affects foveal flicker, but not color, sensitivity

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of Remote Stimulation on the Modulated Activity of Cat Retinal Ganglion Cells

Effects of Remote Stimulation on the Modulated Activity of Cat Retinal Ganglion Cells

The psychophysical periphery effect crosses the vertical meridian

The effects of peripheral flicker on foveal spectral sensitivity

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