Periodontal status, quality of life and newborns' health of pregnant women with arterial hypertension: A cohort study

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate, both during pregnancy and after delivery, the periodontal status and quality of life of women with gestational hypertension (GH). Secondarily, understanding the relationship between these outcomes and newborns’ health. The sample was divided into GH (G1 = 26) and without GH (G2 = 26) and evaluated regarding: a) contextual variables, b) systemic and periodontal status; and c) newborns’ health. ANOVA, Friedman, Cochran’s Q test, chi-squared test, and binary logistic regression were conducted (P < 0.05). A higher prevalence of women in G1 was diagnosed with pre-pregnancy obesity (P < 0.001). A higher prevalence of periodontitis was found in women in G1 in both periods (P < 0.001). The logistic model revealed that high maternal BMI (adjusted OR = 1.28; 95% CI = 1.10–1.47; P = 0.001) was associated with the presence of periodontitis. In both periods, G1 showed worse parameters related to physical pain and disability (P < 0.001), psychological discomfort and disability (P < 0.001). The logistic model revealed that periodontitis (adjusted OR = 11.64; 95% CI = 1.18–114.85; P = 0.036) was associated with a low quality of life. The groups did not show significant differences in the infants’ birth data. GH is associated with obesity and, together, seem to be associated with worsened periodontal parameters and, consequently, negative women’s quality of life. Children born to women with GH did not show any health impairment at birth.

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of undergraduate students and dentists about dental prenatal care

“…In the process of vascular inflammation, there is an increase in vascular permeability, promoting changes in the cytoskeleton of endothelial cells that, consequently, imply endothelial dysfunction, resulting in an imbalance between vasodilation and vasoconstriction. Considering the inflammatory mediators active in this process, vasoconstriction becomes more intense, causing an increase in blood pressure that is clinically diagnosed as hypertension 29–31 …”

“…Considering the inflammatory mediators active in this process, vasoconstriction becomes more intense, causing an increase in blood pressure that is clinically diagnosed as hypertension. [29][30][31] This study pointed out that 22.33% of undergraduate students and 13.21% of professionals believed that women could be assisted during pregnancy only in emergency dental situations or stated that they did not know in which periods of pregnancy women could be assisted by dentists. Martins et al (2013) found that 57.7% of dentists agree that the second trimester is the safest period for treatment and 29.2% believe that they may treat pregnant women in any gestational period.…”

Avaliação das condições sistêmica e bucal de mulheres durante a gestação e o peso do bebê ao nascer: uma coorte prospectiva

“…É interessante destacar que a obesidade está diretamente relacionada a renda mensal familiar, visto que os alimentos mais calóricos, geralmente são os mais baratos, logo também são menos nutritivos, consequentemente essas mulheres tendem a ganhar mais peso na gestação (MISSIO et al, 2021;JESUINO et al, 2021) Na literatura, já foi mostrado que mães as quais tiveram um ganho de peso excessivo na gestação, ganharam bebês com IMC (índice de massa corporal) considerado acima do normal ao nascer, vale ressaltar que as mães desse grupo apresentaram maior prevalência de Hipertensão e Periodontite (JESUINO et al, 2020). Também é possível de se encontrar na literatura de que quando a obesidade é associada a periodontite na gestação, o baixo peso ou peso insuficiente é a tendência de ocorrência no nascimento desses bebês (FORATORI-JUNIOR et al, 2020a).…”

“…A qualidade de vida relacionada a saúde bucal em gestantes é uma variável que vêm se tornando a cada ano mais enriquecida na literatura científica e já foi discutida em alguns estudos (CARACHO et al, 2020;FORATORI-JUNIOR et al, 2021a;FORATORI-JUNIOR et al, 2021b;FORATORI-JUNIOR, JESUINO, SALES-PERES, 2021;MISSIO et al, 2021). Tais estudos analisaram as condições sistêmicas e bucais das gestantes.…”