No abstract

Association between excessive maternal weight, periodontitis during the third trimester of pregnancy, and infants' health at birth Excessive weight is associated with periodontitis because of inflammatory mediators secreted by the adipose tissue. Periodontal impairments can occur during pregnancy due to association between high hormonal levels and inadequate oral hygiene. Moreover, periodontitis and excessive weight during pregnancy can negatively affect an infant's weight at birth. Objective: This observational, cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the association between pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity, periodontitis during the third trimester of pregnancy, and the infants' birth weight. Methodology: The sample set was divided into 2 groups according to the preconception body mass index: obesity/overweight (G1=50) and normal weight (G2=50).Educational level, monthly household income, and systemic impairments during pregnancy were assessed. Pocket probing depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were obtained to analyze periodontitis. The children's birth weight was classified as low (<2.5 kg), insufficient (2.5-2.999 kg), normal (3-3.999 kg), or excessive (≥4 kg). Bivariate analysis (Mann-Whitney U test, t-test, chi-squared test) and logistic regression (stepwise backward likelihood ratio) were performed (p<0.05). Results: G1 showed lower socioeconomic levels and higher prevalence of arterial hypertension and gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy than G2 (p=0.002). G1 showed higher means of PPD and CAL (p=0.041 and p=0.039, respectively) and therefore a higher prevalence of periodontitis than G2 (p=0.0003). G1 showed lower infants' birth weight than G2 (p=0.0004). Excessive maternal weight and educational levels were independent variables associated with periodontitis during the third trimester of pregnancy (X²[2]=23.21; p<0.0001). Maternal overweight/obesity was also associated with low/ insufficient birth weight (X²[1]=7.01; p=0.008). Conclusion: The present findings suggest an association between excessive pre-pregnancy weight, maternal periodontitis, and low/insufficient birth weight.

Objective This observational cross‐sectional study aimed to evaluate systemic and oral conditions in pregnant women with excessive pre‐pregnancy weight (PEW) and normal pre‐pregnancy weight (PNW) who underwent follow‐up in the private healthcare system during the third trimester of pregnancy. Methods Fifty pregnant women were evaluated from August 2017 to February 2018 and divided into two groups: women with PEW (n = 25); and those with PNW (n = 25). Their weight and body mass index (BMI), periodontal disease status, stimulated salivary flow, and systemic condition were evaluated. Statistical analyses were conducted using t‐test, Mann–Whitney test, chi‐square test and binary logistic regression (P < 0.05). Results The groups did not differ in age, educational level or monthly household income (P > 0.05). The PEW group had a higher frequency of arterial hypertension (P = 0.019) and excessive weight gain during gestation (P = 0.010), sought dental services less frequently, and had increased severity of periodontitis (P < 0.0001). Both groups presented low salivary flow, with no intergroup difference. In the final binary logistic regression models, high maternal pre‐pregnancy BMI was a significant predictor of arterial hypertension and periodontitis during the third trimester of gestation; maternal excessive weight gain was also a significant predictor of periodontitis during pregnancy. Conclusion Women with PEW who underwent follow‐up in a private healthcare system had a higher prevalence of arterial hypertension and worse periodontal status during the third trimester of pregnancy as compared to women with normal weight.

The aim of this study was to assess the association between high gestational weight gain and systemic and periodontal status of women between the 32nd and 36th gestational weeks of pregnancy (T1) and after delivery (T2), and the association of these factors with newborns' health. Methods: The sample was divided into excessive gestational weight gain (GE = 25) and normal gestational weight gain (GN = 25) and was evaluated regarding: (i) socioeconomic status; (ii) systemic and periodontal status; and (iii) newborns' health. The results were analysed using the Mann-Whitney U-test, the t-test, the Friedman test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Cochran's Q test (P < 0.05). Results: Women with GE had lower household income (P = 0.010) and higher body mass index (BMI) at both T1 and T2. The prevalence of hypertension at T1 was higher in women with GE, but the condition resolved post-delivery (P = 0.001). Worsening in oral hygiene was observed at T2 in both groups (P < 0.001). Sixty-eight percent of women with GE and 16% of women with GN had periodontitis at T1, and 52% and 12%, respectively, had periodontitis at T2. In women with GE, the BMI of newborns was higher (P = 0.031). Conclusions: Women with high gestational weight gain also showed a high prevalence of hypertension and periodontitis during pregnancy, and persistent periodontitis after delivery. High gestational weight gain was related to high BMI of newborns.

Aim To evaluate the systemic conditions, tooth loss, oral health, body image perceptions, and quality of life of women with obesity and women who underwent bypass surgery. Methods and results Sixty women were classified into the gastric bypass (G1, n = 30) and obesity (G2, n = 30) groups, and their systemic condition, oral health perception, oral hygiene, tooth loss, body image perception (Stunkard scale), and quality of life (WHOQOL‐bref) were evaluated. The t‐test, Mann‐Whitney, chi‐square, and multiple linear regression were used for statistical analysis (P < .05). G2 presented higher prevalence of hypertension (P = .020) and G1 higher prevalence of anemia (P = .040). G2 demonstrated less favorable perceptions of oral health, primarily associated with chewing (P = .0007) and speech (P = .005), and a lower frequency of dental floss usage (P = .047); however, there were no intergroup differences regarding the prevalence of missing teeth (P = .180). G1 demonstrated greater satisfaction with regard to their body image (P < .0001), contrary to those in G2, who negatively perceived the same (P = .001), particularly considering the physical, psychological, and environmental parameters (P < .05). Conclusion High body mass index (BMI) indicated a higher prevalence of hypertension and a negative impact on oral health perception and quality of life. However, bariatric surgery was associated with a positive body image perception and quality‐of‐life parameters.