Periodontal Diseases and the Risk of Coronary Heart and Cerebrovascular Diseases: A Meta‐Analysis

Khader, Yousef; Albashaireh, Zakereyya S; Al‐Omari, Mousa

doi:10.1902/jop.2004.75.8.1046

Cited by 211 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(87 reference statements)

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“…9,10,12,14 An understanding of this connection is vital for the proper diagnosis, treatment and maintenance of both periodontal and systemic diseases. Clinical observations give the impression that medical doctors are less interested in the relationship between PD and SH when compared with periodontists.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If atherosclerotic plaques occur in brain arteries, they can cause stroke; when plaques occur in coronary arteries, they can lead to myocardial infarction. 12,14 Preterm birth and low birth weight are notable health problems associated with PD, and PD related infections may lead to altered cytokine and hormone levels, which may lead to complications during pregnancy. 15,16 The biological mechanisms involved in the relationship between PDs and respiratory diseases remain unclear, but aspiration of bacteria from the oropharynx into the lower respiratory tract may be to blame.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Knowledge of medical doctors in Turkey about the relationship between periodontal disease and systemic health

Taşdemir

Alkan

2015

Braz. oral res.

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Understanding the relationship between periodontal disease (PD) and systemic health (SH) is necessary for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of both. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of medical doctors in Turkey with regard to the association between PD and SH. This study was carried out using self-reported questionnaires that were sent to medical doctors who work at various universities and public and private hospitals in different cities in Turkey. The questionnaires consisted of questions about the demographic information of the medical doctors, as well as the knowledge of those doctors about the relationship between PD and SH. In total, 1,766 responses were received and 90.8% of the participants agreed that there was a relationship between PD and SH. Diabetes mellitus was the most frequent systemic disease (66.8%) known to be related to PD. Of the participants, 56.5% of the medical doctors referred their patients to periodontists for different reasons. Gingival bleeding was the most frequent reason for patient referrals, with 44% of doctors giving such referrals. Doctors who worked in basic medical sciences were significantly less aware of the relationship between PD and SH than the doctors in other specialties. Although the vast majority of the medical doctors reported that they knew the relationship between PD and SH, the findings of this study showed that this awareness was not supported by precise knowledge, and often failed to translate into appropriate clinical practice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge of medical doctors in Turkey about the relationship between periodontal disease and systemic health

Taşdemir

Alkan

2015

Braz. oral res.

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“…They are highly prevalent, affecting 50 -90% of the worldwide population (19). Mounting evidence has accumulated supporting a role of P. gingivalis infection as a risk factor for several systemic diseases, including preterm birth, heart disease, diabetes, and atherosclerosis (19,(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27). These associations indicate a possible role for P. gingivalis infection in the etiology of various systemic diseases.…”

Section: Reactivation Of Latent Hiv-1 Infection By the Periodontopathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactivation of Latent HIV-1 Infection by the Periodontopathic Bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis Involves Histone Modification

Imai

Ochiai

Okamoto

2009

The Journal of Immunology

119

139

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Latently infected cells harbor the HIV-1 proviral DNA genome primarily integrated into heterochromatin, allowing the persistence of transcriptionally silent proviruses. Hypoacetylation of histone proteins by histone deacetylases (HDAC) is involved in the maintenance of HIV-1 latency by repressing viral transcription. In addition, periodontal diseases, caused by polymicrobial subgingival bacteria including Porphyromonas gingivalis, are among the most prevalent infections of mankind. Here we demonstrate the effects of P. gingivalis on HIV-1 replication. This activity could be ascribable to the bacterial culture supernatant but not to other bacterial components such as fimbriae or LPS. We found that this HIV-1-inducing activity was recovered in the lower molecular mass (<3 kDa) fraction of the culture supernatant. We also demonstrated that P. gingivalis produces high concentrations of butyric acid, acting as a potent inhibitor of HDACs and causing histone acetylation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that the corepressor complex containing HDAC1 and AP-4 was dissociated from the HIV-1 long terminal repeat promoter upon stimulation with bacterial culture supernatant concomitantly with the association of acetylated histone and RNA polymerase II. We thus found that P. gingivalis could induce HIV-1 reactivation via chromatin modification and that butyric acid, one of the bacterial metabolites, is responsible for this effect. These results suggest that periodontal diseases could act as a risk factor for HIV-1 reactivation in infected individuals and might contribute to the systemic dissemination of the virus.

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“…It has been reported that 10% to 15% of the periodontal patients had been linked to CVD. [17][18][19] We previously showed that periodontopathic pathogens deteriorated ventricular remodeling after MI 20,21) and other cardiovascular diseases. [22][23][24][25][26] However, a detailed mechanism is still to be elucidated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

<i>Porphyromonas Gingivalis</i> Elevated High-Mobility Group Box 1 Levels After Myocardial Infarction in Mice

et al. 2017

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SummaryHigh mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein released from necrotic cells, inducing inflammatory responses. Epidemiological studies suggested a possible association between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Due to tissue damage and necrosis of cardiac cells following myocardial infarction (MI), HMGB1 is released, activating an inflammatory reaction. However, it remains unclear whether periodontitis is also involved in myocardial damage. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.) after MI in mice.C57BL/6J wild type mice in post-MI were inoculated with P.g. in the infected group (P.g.-inoculated MI group) and with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) in the control group (PBS-injected MI group). Plasma samples and twelve tissue samples from mice hearts after MI were obtained. We determined the expression of HMGB1 by ELISA and immunohistochemistry.The level of HMGB1 protein in the P.g.-inoculated MI group was significantly higher than in the PBSinjected MI group on day 5, but not on day 14. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that HMGB1 was mainly expressed in cardiomyocytes, immune cells, and vascular endothelial cells in the PBS-injected MI group, while HMGB1 was seen broadly in degenerated cardiomyocytes, extracellular fields, immune cells, and vascular endothelial cells in the P.g.-inoculated MI group. A significant increase in the number of HMGB1 positive cells was observed in the P.g.-inoculated MI group compared to the PBS-injected MI group.Infection with P.g. after MI enhanced myocardial HMGB1 expression. There is a possible relationship between periodontitis and post-infarction myocardial inflammation through HMGB-1.(Int Heart J 2017; 58: 762-768)

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Periodontal Diseases and the Risk of Coronary Heart and Cerebrovascular Diseases: A Meta‐Analysis

Cited by 211 publications

References 42 publications

Knowledge of medical doctors in Turkey about the relationship between periodontal disease and systemic health

Knowledge of medical doctors in Turkey about the relationship between periodontal disease and systemic health

Reactivation of Latent HIV-1 Infection by the Periodontopathic Bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis Involves Histone Modification

<i>Porphyromonas Gingivalis</i> Elevated High-Mobility Group Box 1 Levels After Myocardial Infarction in Mice

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