Periodic nanoripples in the surface and subsurface layers in ZnO irradiated by femtosecond laser pulses

Abstract

We present the formation of periodic ripples in ZnO crystal irradiated by a wavelength-tunable femtosecond laser. The results indicate that in the surface thin layer, the periods change from 0.1 lambda to lambda with laser fluences and pulse numbers, and in the subsurface layer the periods are always lambda/2n, where n is the refractive index. The formation processes and mechanisms are also discussed.

Direct writing of 150 nm gratings and squares on ZnO crystal in water by using 800 nm femtosecond laser

“…If the pulse number N<10, there is no nanocrack appeared in the ablation spot no matter how much the laser fluence is. The formation mechanisms of femtosecond laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) on semiconductors, metals and dielectrics have been studied intensely in the last ten years [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Although a clear formation mechanism is still lacking, it is believed that surface plasmon polariton (SPP) plays an important role.…”

“…However, this technology is limited to resin materials. Periodic nanoripples on semiconductors, dielectrics and metals induced by femtosecond laser pulses have attracted much attention [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Taylor et al reported their experimental efforts towards developing photonic and biophotonic applications of femtosecond laserinduced self-organized planar nanocracks inside fused silica glass [18].…”

Formation of 100-nm periodic structures on a titanium surface by exploiting the oxidation and third harmonic generation induced by femtosecond laser pulses

“…Recently, it is suggested that the surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) excited by femtosecond (fs) laser irradiation play a crucial role in the formation of LIPSSs [6][7][8]. In addition to the conventionally observed LIPSSs with subwavelength periods, LIPSSs with deep subwavelength periods have attracted considerable interest because of their potential applications in the fabrication of functional materials and devices [9][10][11][12][13]. While the LIPSSs with periods approximately equal to the laser wavelength are called low spatial frequency LIPSSs (LSFLs), the LIPSSs with periods much smaller than the laser wavelength are referred to as high spatial frequency LIPSSs (HSFLs).…”

Periodic surface structures on Ni–Fe film induced by a single femtosecond laser pulse with diffraction rings

“…We propose that the ring structure of the laser field leads to a similar transient distribution of the permittivity on the sample surface, which further launches the surface plasmon polaritons. The interaction of the incident laser with surface plasmon polaritons dominates the formation of periodic surface structures.OCIS codes: 220.4241, 160.3900, 240.6700, 320.7090. doi: 10.3788/COL201715.022201.Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSSs) have been studied intensely in the last five decades [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] . Initial reports on the formation of LIPSSs were usually irradiated by a continuous wave (CW) or long duration laser pulses [nanosecond (ns) laser].…”

“…Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSSs) have been studied intensely in the last five decades [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] . Initial reports on the formation of LIPSSs were usually irradiated by a continuous wave (CW) or long duration laser pulses [nanosecond (ns) laser].…”