Perinatal demography of gastroschisis in North Queensland

Abstract

Aim:To review the demography of gastroschisis in North Queensland. Methods: A retrospective chart review of live born cases of gastroschisis originating in North Queensland from 1988 to 2007. Results: Fifty-nine cases were identified, giving an overall rate of 3.2 per 10 000 live births. In mothers <20 years old compared with 20-24 and 25-29 it was 12.1, 6.3 and 1.7. Overall, the rate was higher in Indigenous mothers (6.6 vs. 2.6, OR 2.5; 95% CI 1.4-4.5, P = 0.0018). Overall, the rate increased significantly from 0.7 per 10 000 live births in the first 5 years of the study to 4.8 in the last (trend test P = 0.0015), but it increased particularly in mothers <20 years old, from 2.40 in the first 5 years to 19.3 in the last (trend test P = 0.0177). It also rose from 0 to 3.6 in those aged 25-29 (P = 0.0337) but remained stable in other age groups. There was no difference in the outcomes of babies born to Indigenous or non-Indigenous mothers, or in outcomes of babies delivered vaginally or by Caesarean section, or in outcomes of babies from any particular location in North Queensland. There was no significant difference in the average age of Indigenous and non-Indigenous mothers. Conclusion: Gastroschisis is increasing in North Queensland, especially in mothers <20. Overall, the rate in Indigenous mothers is two to three times higher.

Time trends in prevalence of gastroschisis in Texas, 1999 to 2011: Subgroup analyses by maternal and infant characteristics

“…Gastroschisis prevalence has been increasing over time in various states across the United States (Alvarez and Burd, ; Kirby et al, ), including New York (Salihu et al, ), North Carolina (Laughon et al, ), Utah (Hougland et al, ; Feldkamp et al, ), Tennessee (Collins et al, ), Washington (Chabra et al, ), Florida (Salemi et al, ), California (Roeper et al, ; Vu et al, ), and Texas (Eggink et al, ; Benjamin et al, ). A similar trend has been observed in other regions of the world as well, including Europe and Australia (Di Tanna et al, ; Reid et al, ; Kazaura et al, ; Loane et al, ; Keys et al, ; Srivastava et al, ; Whitehall et al, ).…”

“…However, the results have not been consistent in the analyses of Hispanics, as Khodr et al () only found an increased risk in Hispanics whose mothers were ≥ 20 years old at conception; Salemi et al () and Kirby et al () found a significantly lower occurrence in Hispanics; and Vu et al () found a significantly lower occurrence in foreign‐born Hispanics, but no association in U.S.‐born Hispanics compared to NH whites. Other risk factors that have been shown to be significantly associated with gastroschisis include: maternal nativity (i.e., country of origin) (Vu et al, ; Salemi et al, ;), maternal education (Vu et al, ; Benjamin et al, ; Khodr et al, ), income (Bird et al, ; Khodr et al, ), indigency (Root et al, ; Whitehall et al, ), parity (Hougland et al, ; Vu et al, ; Benjamin et al, ; Waller et al, ; Root et al, ; Khodr et al, ), maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) (Paranjothy et al, ; Block et al, ; Khodr et al, ), and plurality (Kirby et al, ).…”

Population‐based birth defects data in the United States, 2012–2016: A focus on abdominal wall defects

“…Gastroschisis is one of the few major birth defects with a documented increasing birth prevalence in both resource-limited and resource-rich settings. In fact, the prevalence of gastroschisis has been increasing worldwide for decades (Bugge et al, 2017;Castilla, Mastroiacovo, & Orioli, 2008;Kazaura et al, 2004;Loane, Dolk, Bradbury, & Group, 2007;Whitehall, Kandasamy, Stalewski, & Gill, 2010) as well as in the United States (B. G. Benjamin, Ethen, Van Hook, Myers, & Canfield, 2010;Chabra, Gleason, Seidel, & Williams, 2011;Collins et al, 2007;Hougland, Hanna, Meyers, & Null, 2005;Jones et al, 2016;Kirby et al, 2013;Laughon et al, 2003;Salemi et al, 2009;Salihu, Pierre-Louis, Druschel, & Kirby, 2003;Short et al, 2019;St Louis et al, 2017;Vo & Langlois, 2015;Vu et al, 2008). Reasons for the increasing prevalence in gastroschisis are unknown; however, several risk factors are associated with this defect, especially young maternal age.…”

Gastrosquise fetal isolada: relação entre dilatação intestinal e resultados perinatais adversos

“…Na Austrália, a incidência também se mostra variável entre as raças, sendo maior entre as mães aborígenes ou indígenas (6,6/10.000 NV) que nas brancas (2,6 por 10.000 NV). Acredita-se que a razão para essa maior incidência, no grupo indígena, esteja relacionada à desvantagem socioeconômica desse grupo (60) . O baixo nível socioeconômico foi associado à gastrosquise anteriormente (72) .…”

“…Os estudos têm consistentemente associado gastrosquise a mulheres jovens, especialmente abaixo de 20 anos (13,56,64,73) . Na Austrália, a incidência de gastrosquise entre mulheres abaixo de 20 anos é de 12,1/10.000 NV, para aquelas entre 20-24 anos é de 6,3/10.000 NV e de 1,7/10.000 NV para o grupo com idade materna entre 24-29 anos (60) .…”