Performing Vaginal Lavage, Crystal Violet Staining, and Vaginal Cytological Evaluation for Mouse Estrous Cycle Staging Identification

McLean, Ashleigh C.; Valenzuela, Nicolas; Fai, Stephen; Bennett, Steffany A. L.

doi:10.3791/4389-v

Cited by 50 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…We monitored the estrous cycle of female mice using vaginal cytology (McLean et al, 2012). Vaginal smears from subject mice were collected right after the sociability test.…”

Section: Measuring Estrous Cycle In Female Micementioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescent parvalbumin expression in the left orbitofrontal cortex shapes sociability in female mice

Jeon

Jeong

Kweon

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The adolescent social experience is essential for the maturation of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in mammalian species. However, it is still unclear which cortical circuits mature with such experience and how it shapes adult social behaviors in a sex-specific manner. Here, we found that the post-weaning social isolation during adolescence (PWSI) caused hypersociability in female mice only and impaired both the parvalbumin (PV) expression and social sniffing-induced activity in the left orbitofrontal cortex (OFCL). Similarly, the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-down of PV in the OFCL enhanced sociability and reduced the social sniffing-induced activity in female mice via decreased excitability of PV+ neurons and reduced synaptic inhibition in the OFCL. Moreover, optogenetic activation of OFCL excitatory neurons enhanced sociability in female mice. Our data demonstrate that the adolescent social experience is critical for the maturation of PV+ inhibitory circuits in the OFCL; this maturation shapes female social behavior via enhancing social representation in the OFCL.

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“…We monitored the estrous cycle of female mice using vaginal cytology (McLean et al, 2012). Vaginal smears from subject mice were collected right after the sociability test.…”

Section: Measuring Estrous Cycle In Female Micementioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescent parvalbumin expression in the left orbitofrontal cortex shapes sociability in female mice

Jeon

Jeong

Kweon

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…RAF inhibitor RAF709 was injected to the treatment groups at 30 mg/kg and corn oil was injected to the controls as follows ( 26), (I) FSH group (FSH + corn oil, n=6), (II) FSH-RAF709 group (FSH + RAF709, n=6), (III) control group (PBS + corn oil, n=6), and (IV) RAF709 group (PBS + RAF709, n=6). We used vaginal lavage to collect vaginal cells for identifying the stages of the mouse estrous cycle (27).…”

Section: Animals and Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RAF1 mediates the FSH signaling pathway as a downstream molecule to stimulate estradiol synthesis and secretion in mouse ovarian granulosa cells

Luo¹,

Liu²,

Guo³

et al. 2022

Ann Transl Med

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Background: The v-raf-leukemia viral oncogene 1 (RAF1) plays an essential physiological role in reproduction and development through the mediation of steroid hormone synthesis. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) signaling pathway was not involved in the majority of RAF1 studies, whether RAF1 takes part in the signaling events of gonadotropic hormones such as FSH in ovarian tissue is unknown. Methods:The process is blocked by treating granulosa cells (GCs) with the RAF1 inhibitor, RAF709.Inhibition of RAF1 activity by RAF709 decreased extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) phosphorylation and suppressed the expression of the cytochrome P450 subfamily 19 member 1 (CYP19A1), which is a major rate-limiting enzyme that participates in the last step of E2 biosynthesis.Results: We found that RAF1, acting as a downstream molecule, mediates FSH signalling to stimulate estradiol (E2) synthesis and secretion in mouse ovarian GCs. Gene expression of RAF1 was induced by FSH and the secretion of E2 increased into the bloodstream of mice and into the supernatant of primary GCs.Our in vitro and in vivo studies clearly illustrate RAF1 plays an important medium adjusting role in the FSH signaling pathway, and RAF1 acting as a downstream molecule to trigger ERK phosphorylation to stimulate GC E2 synthesis and secretion.Conclusions: RAF1 plays a pivotal mediating role in the FSH signaling pathway by inducing the phosphorylation of ERK and promoting E2 synthesis.

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“…All mice were killed at the age of 8 weeks. Females were inspected by daily examination of vaginal cytology smears (for details see McLean et al, 2012). Females in diestrus were used for immunohistochemical processing after exhibiting 2 or more consecutive 4-days estrous cycles.…”

Section: Tissue Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perinatal exposure to tributyltin affects feeding behavior and expression of hypothalamic neuropeptide Y in the paraventricular nucleus of adult mice

Ponti

Bonaldo

et al. 2022

Journal of Anatomy

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Performing Vaginal Lavage, Crystal Violet Staining, and Vaginal Cytological Evaluation for Mouse Estrous Cycle Staging Identification

Cited by 50 publications

References 8 publications

Adolescent parvalbumin expression in the left orbitofrontal cortex shapes sociability in female mice

Adolescent parvalbumin expression in the left orbitofrontal cortex shapes sociability in female mice

RAF1 mediates the FSH signaling pathway as a downstream molecule to stimulate estradiol synthesis and secretion in mouse ovarian granulosa cells

Perinatal exposure to tributyltin affects feeding behavior and expression of hypothalamic neuropeptide Y in the paraventricular nucleus of adult mice

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