Performance study of a PEM fuel cell

An electro-kinetic study of oxygen reduction in polymer electrolyte fuel cells at intermediate temperatures

“…As expected, the performance progressively decreases by reducing the pressure from 3 bar to 1 bar abs. It is evident that the effect of pressure increases mainly as the current density increases; however, it affects essentially all regions of the polarization curves (activation, ohmic and mass transport controlled regions) [43]. The effect of the pressure was relevant in the mass transport controlled region affecting the limiting current density and maximum power density.…”

A Volt-Ampere Method to Estimate the Energy Efficiency Evolutions of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells along with Load and Time

“…The equation may represent a volt-ampere method to calculate the instantaneous efficiency with which no other variables need to be known than cell voltage (and current). Complex versions of the instantaneous efficiency formula can also be found in public documents [3,5], and they may represent non-volt-ampere methods with which current density and fuel consumption or supply need to be known besides voltage (and current). In the non-volt-ampere methods, addition energy or fuel consumptions are included in the chemical energy, as one of the ideologies and methodologies to deal with the efficiency problem.…”

“…For broad overviews of the efficiency changes, both the load-and time-dependent evolutions of both the instantaneous and average efficiencies may be expected to be displayed over the working zones of the cells. In respect of the instantaneous efficiency, the load-dependent evolution has been extensively surveyed, for example, by Barbir and Gómez [1], Gonnet et al [3], Zhang et al [4], San Martin et al [5] and Hou et al [6], but all of the examinations were performed only on certain moments and thus the change profile over the whole duration of the cells keeps unfamiliar. The average efficiency change seems more significant, but in this respect, even no example has ever been provided in public documents about either the load-or time-dependent evolution surprisingly, as far as we know.…”

“…The definition of the term can work as one method to directly determine the efficiency certainly, but it seems inconvenient and can't reveal the different contributions to the evolutions. To date one typical formula [1,7,8] and other complex versions [3][4][5]9] can be found in public documents, but in essence all of them were designed for the instantaneous efficiency and more regretfully further use of them has scarcely been made toward formulization of the average efficiency. An approach was once proposed by Kazim [2] to determine the economically tolerable minimal average efficiency, but it may not mean an average efficiency formula.…”

Chemical and mechanical degradation of silicone rubber under two compression loads in simulated proton‐exchange membrane fuel‐cell environments

“…Proton-exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells are considered to be one of the cleanest energy source systems for automotive applications and residential power sources in the 21st century because of their high efficiency, near-zero emissions, quiet operation, quick startup, and high power density. 1,2 A single PEM fuel cell contains many components, including end plates, current collectors, bipolar plates, elastomeric gaskets, gas-diffusion layers, and a membrane electrode assembly. Among them, the gasket as an indispensable component is used to make the cathode and anode reactant gases (H 2 and O 2 /air) stay in the area.…”