An electro-kinetic study of oxygen reduction in polymer electrolyte fuel cells at intermediate temperatures

Gatto, Irene; Stassi, A.; Passalacqua, E.; Aricò, A.S.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.05.155

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…The peak power density of 934 mW cm À2 and 990 mW cm À2 in SSC-PFSA-based PEMFCs were achieved respectively at 80 C and 100 C under high pressure (3 bar abs) operating conditions both at 100% RH. 113 Moreover, the operating temperature for SSC-PFSA-based PEMFCs can reach up to 130 C at 18% RH and 1.5 bar abs, where the peak power density is 235 mW cm À2 . 3 Arico et al 110 reported a compelling maximum power density of about 870 mW cm À2 obtained with Aquivion™ at 130 C, 100% RH and 3 bar abs.…”

Section: Electrochemical Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding short-side-chain perfluorinated sulfonic acid and its application for high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Pan

Tang

2014

RSC Adv.

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The great demand for high-temperature operation of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) has been well answered by short-side-chain perfluorinated sulfonic acid (SSC-PFSA) membranes through a good balance between transport properties and stability. It has been evidenced that fuel cells assembled with SSC-PFSA possess higher and more stable performance at elevated temperature up to 130 C compared to that of fuel cells based on conventional long-side-chain (LSC) PFSA (Nafion®) membranes. Moreover, the shorter side-pendent chains and the absence of the ether group and of the tertiary carbon also endow SSC-PFSAs with better durability, making them more suitable for working at harsh conditions in fuel cell systems. This critical review is dedicated to summarizing the properties of SSC-PFSA and providing insight into an understanding of their micro-morphologies, mass diffusion, enhanced proton transportation and their mutual correlation. Diversified measurement techniques applied to investigate the evolution of micro-morphologies, unique diffusion and transportation properties of SSC-PFSAs are reviewed. Despite the higher crystalline and higher water absorption of SSC-PFSAs than those of LSC-PFSAs, the notably less developed and less interconnected ionic clusters in SSC-PFSAs lead to lower mass permeability, and hence the high water uptake is not as well translated into transportation performance as expected. The factors and reasons for the enhanced electrochemical performance of SSC-PFSAs such as higher proton conductivity at elevated temperatures and low humidity conditions are also discussed and understood. Highlights of recent advances in SSC-PFSAbased membranes for fuel cell applications at wider temperature ranges are summarized as general references for researchers to further prompt the development of SSC-PFSAs. The SSC-PFSAs based membranes give a bright future for the next generation of high-temperature PEMFCs.

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Section: Electrochemical Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding short-side-chain perfluorinated sulfonic acid and its application for high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Pan

Tang

2014

RSC Adv.

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“…46 However, the PEM requires a hydrated condition to conduct protons efficiently. 25,47 Hence, the operating cell temperature is limited to temperatures below which the relative humidity is high. 48,49 In combination with fuel-cell studies, new membrane materials that allow H + conduction under dehumidified conditions are actively being investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Temperature and Pressure on the Kinetics of the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Tse

Gewirth

2015

J. Phys. Chem. A

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Fundamental understanding of the oxygen reduction reaction in aqueous medium at temperatures above 100 °C is lacking due to the practical limitations related to the harsh experimental conditions. In this work, the challenge to suppress water from boiling was overcome by conducting the electrochemical investigation under pressurized conditions. A striking improvement in the kinetics of the electrocatalytic reduction of O2 by about 150 fold relative to room temperature and pressure was recorded under an O2 pressure of 3.4 MPa at 200 °C in basic aqueous environment. To deconvolute the combined effect of temperature and pressure, the underlying variables that dictate the observed O2 reduction kinetics of Pt and carbon electrodes were examined individually. O2 availability at the electrode-solution interface was controlled by the interplay between the diffusion coefficient and concentration of O2. Accurate knowledge of the temperature and pressure dependence of O2 availability at the electrode surface, the Tafel slope, the transfer coefficient, and the electrochemical active surface area was required to correctly account for the enhanced O2 reduction kinetics.

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“…While, the effect of MEA manufacturing processes on cell performance has been investigated by different authors [9][10][11][12][13], minor attention has been devoted to the role of ionomers in the CL. The ionomer can influence the performance of fuel cells, and in fact it affects the ionic conductivity, the catalyst utilization, and the mass transport of the catalytic layer [14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Ionomer Content in the Catalytic Layer of MEAs Based on Aquivion® Ionomer

et al. 2021

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Perfluorinated sulfonic acid (PFSA) polymers such as Nafion® are widely used for both electrolyte membranes and ionomers in the catalytic layer of membrane-electrode assemblies (MEAs) because of their high protonic conductivity, σH, as well as chemical and thermal stability. The use of PFSA polymers with shorter side chains and lower equivalent weight (EW) than Nafion®, such as Aquivion® PFSA ionomers, is a valid approach to improve fuel cell performance and stability under drastic operative conditions such as those related to automotive applications. In this context, it is necessary to optimize the composition of the catalytic ink, according to the different ionomer characteristics. In this work, the influence of the ionomer amount in the catalytic layer was studied, considering the dispersing agent used to prepare the electrode (water or ethanol). Electrochemical studies were carried out in a single cell in the presence of H2-air, at intermediate temperatures (80–95 °C), low pressure, and reduced humidity ((50% RH). %). The best fuel cell performance was found for 26 wt.% Aquivion® at the electrodes using ethanol for the ink preparation, associated to a maximum catalyst utilization.

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An electro-kinetic study of oxygen reduction in polymer electrolyte fuel cells at intermediate temperatures

Cited by 16 publications

References 44 publications

Understanding short-side-chain perfluorinated sulfonic acid and its application for high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Understanding short-side-chain perfluorinated sulfonic acid and its application for high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Effect of Temperature and Pressure on the Kinetics of the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Influence of Ionomer Content in the Catalytic Layer of MEAs Based on Aquivion® Ionomer

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