“…Additionally, tile-based grid-less routers [121][122] or even mixed A* and maze [123] were also reported. A* (and related) became a popular approach, and several works used it to deal with more routing challenges, such as minimum area [124] and step [125] constraints, wire load reduction [126]- [128], net shielding [123], parallel run and end-of-line spacings [125], etc. Recently, in MAGICAL (2019-2021) [173][174], A* search is used at both global and detailed routing phases.…”