“…Those lines must be removed from the CDT model and routed manually after migration. Therefore, Hao-Yu Chi et al (2019-21) [65]- [67] proposed an enhanced model, i.e., cartesian detection line (CDL), to represent the correlation between routing and placement. Instead of using the triangles, the CDLs extended from each block boundary to help to capture the routing paths completely, as illustrated in Fig.…”