Performance of younger and older adults in lateralised right and left hemisphere asymmetry tasks supports the HAROLD model

Collins, Kevin P; Möhr, Christine

doi:10.1080/1357650x.2012.724072

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…The Hemispheric Asymmetry Reduction in Older Adults (HAROLD) proposes that as the brain ages bilateral recruitment of the two hemispheres increases, especially in prefrontal cortex (Cabeza, 2002;Cabeza, Anderson, Locantore & McIntosh, 2002;Cabeza, Grady, Nyberg, McIntosh, Tulving & Kapur 1997; see also Collins & Mohr, 2013;McGregor, Craggs, Benjamin, Crosson & White, 2009;Przbyla, Haaland, Bagesteiro & Sainburg, 2011;Toepper, Markowitsch, Gebhardt et al, 2014). HAROLD is consistent with recent evidence of agerelated changes in attentional control in the left hemifield (Nagamatsu et al, 2011;Learmonth et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Adult developmental trajectories of pseudoneglect in the tactile, visual and auditory modalities and the influence of starting position and stimulus length

Brooks

Darling

Malvaso

et al. 2016

Brain and Cognition

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Pseudoneglect is a tendency to pay more attention to the left side of space, typically demonstrated on tasks like visuo-spatial line bisection, tactile rod bisection and the mental representation of numbers. The developmental trajectory of this bias on these three tasks is not fully understood. In the current study younger participants aged between 18 and 40 years of age and older participants aged between 55 and 90 years conducted three spatial tasks: 1) visuospatial line bisection -participants were asked to bisect visually presented lines of different lengths at the perceived midpoint; 2) touch-driven tactile rod bisection in the absence of vision -participants were asked to feel the length of a wooden rod with their index finger and bisect the rod at the perceived centre; and 3) mental number line bisection in the absence of vision -participants were asked to listen to a pair of numbers and respond with the numerical midpoint between the pair. The results showed that both younger and older participants demonstrated pseudoneglect (leftward biases) in the visual, tactile and mental number line tasks and that the magnitude of pseudoneglect for each group was influenced by physical or mentally represented starting side (start left versus start right) and stimulus length. We provide an exploration of pseudoneglect in younger and older adults in different tasks that vary in the degree to which mental representations are accessed and argue that pseudoneglect is a result of a right hemisphere attentional orienting process that is retained throughout adulthood. Our results indicate that, contrary to some current models of cognitive ageing, asymmetrical patterns of hemispheric activity may occur in older age.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Adult developmental trajectories of pseudoneglect in the tactile, visual and auditory modalities and the influence of starting position and stimulus length

Brooks

Darling

Malvaso

et al. 2016

Brain and Cognition

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“…However, in elderly participants the activity was bilateral for all stimulus types. Although mainly observed in the PFC, the HAROLD model may also apply to other regions and tasks (Collins and Mohr, 2013). Nielson et al (2002) found that during an inhibition task, parietal activity was right lateralized in young participants yet bilateral in older participants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rightward shift in the visuospatial attention vector with healthy aging

Benwell

Thut

Grant

et al. 2014

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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The study of lateralized visuospatial attention bias in non-clinical samples has revealed a systematic group-level leftward bias (pseudoneglect), possibly as a consequence of right hemisphere (RH) dominance for visuospatial attention. Pseudoneglect appears to be modulated by age, with a reduced or even reversed bias typically present in elderly participants. It has been suggested that this shift in bias may arise due to disproportionate aging of the RH and/or an increase in complementary functional recruitment of the left hemisphere (LH) for visuospatial processing. In this study, we report rightward shifts in subjective midpoint judgment relative to healthy young participants whilst elderly participants performed a computerized version of the landmark task (in which they had to judge whether a transection mark appeared closer to the right or left end of a line) on three different line lengths. This manipulation of stimulus properties led to a similar behavioral pattern in both the young and the elderly: a rightward shift in subjective midpoint with decreasing line length, which even resulted in a systematic rightward bias in elderly participants for the shortest line length (1.98° of visual angle, VA). Overall performance precision for the task was lower in the elderly participants regardless of line length, suggesting reduced landmark task discrimination sensitivity with healthy aging. This rightward shift in the attentional vector with healthy aging is likely to result from a reduction in RH resources/dominance for attentional processing in elderly participants. The significant rightward bias in the elderly for short lines may even suggest a reversal of hemisphere dominance in favor of the LH/right visual field under specific conditions.

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“…Increasing evidence suggests that the hemispheric biases reported earlier become less apparent as we age, with increased bilateral activity in the ageing brain (98). Brain imaging and memory research suggests that previously superior hemispheres increasingly lose their enhanced ability to process certain information over the lifespan, causing contralateral structures to increasingly activate to compensate for this loss (99). Indeed, this was explicitly highlighted within the research above.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

A Systematic Review of Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Applications to Memory in Healthy Aging

2020

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It has long been acknowledged that memory changes over the course of one's life, irrespective of diseases like dementia. Approaches to mitigate these changes have however yielded mixed results. Brain stimulation has been identified as one novel approach of augmenting older adult's memory. Thus far, such approaches have however been nuanced, targeting different memory domains with different methodologies. This has produced an amalgam of research with an unclear image overall. This systematic review therefore aims to clarify this landscape, evaluating, and interpreting available research findings in a coherent manner. A systematic search of relevant literature was conducted across Medline, PsycInfo, Psycarticles and the Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, which uncovered 44 studies employing non-invasive electrical brain stimulation in healthy older adults. All studies were of generally good quality spanning numerous memory domains. Within these, evidence was found for non-invasive brain stimulation augmenting working, episodic, associative, semantic, and procedural memory, with the first three domains having the greatest evidence base. Key sites for stimulation included the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), temporoparietal region, and primary motor cortex, with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) holding the greatest literature base. Inconsistencies within the literature are highlighted and interpreted, however this discussion was constrained by potential confounding variables within the literature, a risk of bias, and challenges defining research aims and results. Non-invasive brain stimulation often did however have a positive and predictable impact on older adult's memory, and thus warrants further research to better understand these effects.

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Performance of younger and older adults in lateralised right and left hemisphere asymmetry tasks supports the HAROLD model

Cited by 23 publications

References 73 publications

Adult developmental trajectories of pseudoneglect in the tactile, visual and auditory modalities and the influence of starting position and stimulus length

Adult developmental trajectories of pseudoneglect in the tactile, visual and auditory modalities and the influence of starting position and stimulus length

A rightward shift in the visuospatial attention vector with healthy aging

A Systematic Review of Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Applications to Memory in Healthy Aging

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