Performance of the Hybrid Photovoltaic-Thermoelectric Generator (PV-TEG) System under Malaysian Weather Conditions

Improved energy conversion of a photovoltaic module‐thermoelectric generator hybrid system with different cooling techniques: Indoor and outdoor performance comparison

“…A maximum temperature drop of 7.2% is observed in the PV‐TEG module (due to better heat dissipation 31 ) than PV, although both were exposed to the same ambient. Such a trend is beneficial for a stand‐alone system as the TEG module also contributes to the power output 40 . Further, Figure 4B,C portray similar behavior but benefited largely as water cooling is adopted.…”

“…Further, the P‐V characteristics and FF (Figure 5B) also ensured the maximum increment during water cooling followed by wick and air. Although such energy parameters had marginal improvement, a large panel (present panel of 3 W rating) can clearly distinguish such effect 40 …”

“…Such a trend is beneficial for a stand-alone system as the TEG module also contributes to the power output. 40 Further, Figure 4B,C portray similar behavior but benefited largely as water cooling is adopted. It is worth noting that the HFR has not further improved the module performance as the LFR delivered a 34% to 44% reduction in surface temperature against 38% to 47% with HFR.…”

“…Although such energy parameters had marginal improvement, a large panel (present panel of 3 W rating) can clearly distinguish such effect. 40 In continuation, as listed in Table 4, for case 1 (840-860 W/m 2 ), the PV power increment of PV-TEG module with air, wick, LFR, and HFR cooling compared to conventional PV is 2.5%, 3.5%, 6.25%, and 6.75%, respectively. However, with high radiation (case 4: 1035-1055 W/m 2 ), except HFR (11.25%), the percentage rise remained the same for other techniques, which signifies the necessity of a high rate of cooling at elevated radiation.…”

“…In both cases, various cooling mediums (active and passive methods) researched are an ice‐water mixture, water, air, nanofluids, and PCM, as listed in Table 1. The recent research of specific interest is by Saleh et al, 40 in which the PV‐TEG system had a natural air cooling mechanism as it was placed over a roof shingle. The 92 TEG modules attached to each 100 W PV module were cooled by fins.…”