The development of renewable energy, especially solar, is essential for meeting future energy demands. The use of a wide range of the solar spectrum through the solar cells will increase electricity generation and thereby improve energy supply. However, solar photovoltaics (PV) can only convert a portion of the spectrum into electricity. Excess solar radiation is wasted by heat, which decreases solar PV cells’ efficiency and decreases their life span. Interestingly, thermoelectric generators (TEGs) are bidirectional devices that act as heat engines, converting the excess heat into electrical energy through thermoelectric effects through when integrated with a PV. These generators also enhance device efficiency and reduce the amount of heat that solar cells dissipate. Several experiments have been carried out to improve the hybrid PV-TEG system efficiency, and some are still underway. In the present study, the photovoltaic and thermoelectric theories are reviewed. Furthermore, different hybrid system integration methods and experimental and numerical investigations in improving the efficiency of PV-TEG hybrid systems are also discussed. This paper also assesses the effect of critical parameters of PV-TEG performance and highlights possible future research topics to enhancing the literature on photovoltaic-thermoelectric generator systems.
This paper describes optimal sizing of FACTS devices based on Particle Swarm Optimization for minimization of transmission loss considering voltage profile and cost function. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is one of the artificial intelligent search approaches which have the potential in solving such a problem. In this study one of FACTS devices is used as a scheme for transmission loss. For this study, static var compensator (SVC) is chosen as the compensation device. The effect of population size during the optimization process towards achieving the solution is also investigated. Validation through the implementation on the IEEE 30-bus RTS indicated that PSO is feasible to achieve the task.
<p class="IJASEITAbtract">High demand in electricity consumption is rising and modern society would case to function without access to electricity. The volume of power transmitted and distributed are increasing, these need the requirements for high quality and reliable supply. At the same time, rising the costs and the growing environmental concerns make the process of develop a new power transmission line make complicated and the time consuming. One of alternatives to solve the issues is installed the Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS). This research presents to modeling and simulation of Static Var Compensator (SVC) in the power system network using Matlab/Simulink Software. The objective function of this research is improvement the voltage of the system with four cases study for validation. From the simulation results shown that the SVC installation gives the effect to voltage of system.</p>
Abstract. This project aims to develop a measurement of solar energy using Arduino Board technology. In this research, four parameters that been measured are temperature, light intensity, voltage and current. The temperature was measured using temperature sensor. The light intensity was measured using light dependent resistor (LDR) sensor. The voltage was measured using the voltage divider because the voltage generated by the solar panel are large for the Arduino as receiver. Lastly for the current was measured using the current sensor module that can sense the current generated by the solar panel. These parameters as the input value for the Arduino and the output was display at the Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) screen. The LCD screen display output of the temperature, the light intensity, the voltage and the current value. The purpose of Arduino to convert the analog input of parameter to the digital output and display via LCD screen. Other than that, this project also involve with a design to ensure that device case are easy to be carry around.
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