Performance of the Goulden large-sample extractor in multiclass pesticide isolation and preconcentration from stream water

An enzyme immunoassay for the environmental monitoring of the herbicide bromacil

“…Considerable interest has been focused on the environmental monitoring of this compound as well as the study its transport processes in environmental elements (Alva and Singh, 1990; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1990; Worthing and Hance, 1991;Allender, 1991;Jaynes, 1991;Reddy et al, 1992) because of its wide application and recent concerns about health hazards (Garrett et al, 1986; Call et al, 1987; Parent et al, 1990). Most chromatographic residue analyses for bromacil at trace levels require laborious cleanup procedures or expensive instrumentation (Gar-diner, 1975; Bennett and de Beer, 1984;Putzien, 1987;Goewie and Hogendoorn, 1987;Frohlich and Meier, 1989; Lipschitz et al, 1989;Wylie and Oguchi, 1990; Stan and Heil, 1991;Tuinstra et al, 1991;Foster et al, 1991). An immunochemical determination could provide a simpler approach for detection of this pesticide at trace levels (Hammock and Mumma, 1980;Gee et al, 1988; Schlaeppi et al, 1989; Goodrow et al, 1990;Li et al, 1991;Forlani et al, 1992).…”

Synthesis of haptens and conjugates for an enzyme immunoassay for analysis of the herbicide bromacil

“…Conventional instrumental analyses for residues of this compound require laborious extraction and/or cleanup procedures prior to detection (Pease and Deye, 1967;Zweig and Sherma, 1972; Gardiner, 1975). Most novel chromatographic methods detecting traces of bromacil in environmental samples also employ complicated or expensive preconcentration (Putzien, 1987;Fróhlich and Meier, 1989;Lipschitz et al, 1989; Aakerblom et al, 1990; Di Corcia and Marchetti, 1991; Schlett, 1991; Allender, 1991;Tuinstra et al, 1991;Foster et al, 1991). Some recent procedures are based on still more sophisticated equipment (Wylie and Oguchi, 1990;Stan and Heil, 1991).…”

Seasonal concentrations of organic contaminants at the fall line of the Susquehanna River basin and estimated fluxes to northern Chesapeake Bay, USA

“…Cartridge extraction and gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric (GC/MS) determination of the organo‐N/P pesticides in river water has been described elsewhere [8]. The remaining filtered water was extracted with dichloromethane (DCM) using the Goulden large‐sample extractor (GLSE) for PCBs, OC insecticides, and PAHs according to procedures reported by Foster et al [13,14]. A modification of the GLSE extraction procedure was made by adding a customized distillation device to recover DCM from the waste stream of the GLSE for reuse in the extraction.…”