Performance of Site Diversity Investigated Through RADAR Derived Results

Yeo, Jun Xiang; Lee, Yee Hui; Ong, Jin

doi:10.1109/tap.2011.2163770

Cited by 50 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…Hodge model specifies that the site diversity gain is dependent on a number of factors; single site attenuation, A; site separation distance, D; frequency, f; elevation angle, θ; and baseline angle, ψ. However, as discussed in detail in [15], the site diversity gain is found to be only dependent on the single reference site attenuation, A S ; site separation distance, D; and elevation angle, θ. Therefore, in this paper, a simple empirical site diversity gain prediction model is proposed in Section 4.1.…”

Section: Theoretical Formulation and Modelsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Site diversity gain at the equator: radar‐derived results modeling in Singapore

Yeo

Lee

Ong

2014

Satell Commun Network

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SUMMARYSite diversity is an effective rain attenuation mitigation technique, especially in the tropical region where high rainfall rates are common. According to our previous study, site diversity gain is found to be dependent on the site separation distance and path elevation angle while it is independent of signal frequency, baseline angle and polarization angle. Therefore, using 28 months of radar data, a simple site diversity gain prediction model is proposed. The proposed model is compared with the existing ITU-R models. The seasonal wind direction, another factor that might affect the site diversity gain prediction model, is shown to have negligible effect on site diversity gain. Triple-site diversity is also investigated, and although it is found to provide gain improvement over dual-site diversity, this gain improvement is too little to justify for the cost of setting up an additional site. This study is useful for the implementation of site diversity as a rain attenuation mitigation technique in the tropical region.

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Section: Theoretical Formulation and Modelsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Site diversity gain at the equator: radar‐derived results modeling in Singapore

Yeo

Lee

Ong

2014

Satell Commun Network

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“…These techniques rely on the fact that the joint probabilities of encountering the same fade at two distinct points either in space or in time are much less than the probability of encountering the same fade at a single point (Capsoni & Matricciani, ; Das et al, ; Maitra et al, ). The site diversity is one of the most preferred techniques among these diversity methods that utilizes the spatial variability of rain to its advantages (Castanet et al, ; Hodge, ; Jeannin et al, ; Yeo et al, ). Since the high rain rate is usually associated with convective rain, which is characterized by events of short duration and of limited extent, site diversity could be very useful for tropical regions (Das et al, , ; De et al, ; Maitra et al, ; Yeo et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The simplistic model is an adaptation of Hodge () model and requires measurements only from single station. ITU‐R models are developed mostly based on measurements from temperate regions, and the performance of the models can thus be questionable over tropical regions (Shukla et al, ; Yeo et al, ). Moreover, the issue of local variability of meteorological factors remains even in temperate regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Site Diversity Prediction at a Tropical Location From Single‐Site Rain Measurements Using a Bayesian Technique

Das

Jameson²

2018

Radio Science

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Site diversity is one of the few fade mitigation techniques that are actively explored to overcome the serious fading condition encountered in high‐frequency satellite communication, particularly over tropical regions. However, the study of site diversity performance is limited over tropical regions due to unavailability of simultaneous fade measurements from multiple locations as well as the lack of data on spatial rain pattern from radar measurements. We propose here a copula‐based Bayesian approach to study the site diversity performance utilizing only a single location's drop size distribution measurement. Study of diversity performance has been done for Ahmedabad, India, utilizing 3 years of disdrometer data. Effects of frequency, elevation angle, and site separation on diversity gain are investigated using the proposed method. Results are compared with two ITU‐R models, site diversity results from Italy, a temperate region, and Singapore, another tropical location. The spatial correlation obtained through this technique is also compared with radar observations in Oklahoma, a totally different climatic regime. The simple ITU‐R model is found to be underpredicting the diversity gain significantly for the present location whereas the explicit ITU‐R model shows overprediction above 8 dB for single‐site rain attenuation values. Comparison with measurements at Italy shows similar diversity gains for low single‐site attenuation values. The results reported for Singapore matches well with the present method. The study indicates room for improvement in the present ITU‐R model considering the different nature of tropical rain and that the proposed method is suitable for such a purpose.

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“…Due to this great demand and overcongestion of the Ku-frequency band, satellite communication is now exploiting the Ka (20/30 GHz) band (Yeo et al, 2011;Luini et al, 2011;Pan et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of rain attenuation and site diversity predictions for tropical regions

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Presented in this paper is an empirical model for long-term rain attenuation prediction and statistical prediction of site diversity gain on a slant path. Rain attenuation prediction on a slant path is derived using data collected from tropical regions, and the formula proposed is based on Gaussian distribution. The proposed rain attenuation model shows a considerable reduction in prediction error in terms of standard deviation and root-mean-square (rms) error. The site diversity prediction model is derived as a function of site separation distance, frequency of operation, elevation angle and baseline orientation angle. The novelty of the model is the inclusion of low elevation angles and a high link frequency up to 70 GHz in the model derivation. The results of comparison with Hodge, Panagopoulos and Nagaraja empirical predictions show that the proposed model provides a better performance for site separation distance and elevation angle. The overall performance of the proposed site diversity model is good, and the percentage error is within the allowable error limit approved by International Telecommunication UnionRegion (ITU-R).

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Performance of Site Diversity Investigated Through RADAR Derived Results

Cited by 50 publications

References 17 publications

Site diversity gain at the equator: radar‐derived results modeling in Singapore

Site diversity gain at the equator: radar‐derived results modeling in Singapore

Site Diversity Prediction at a Tropical Location From Single‐Site Rain Measurements Using a Bayesian Technique

Modeling of rain attenuation and site diversity predictions for tropical regions

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