Performance of several Cr and Yb analytical techniques applied to samples of different biological origin (digesta or faeces)

Abstract

This paper compares the performance, in terms of Cr (liquid phase marker) and Yb (solid phase marker) recovery from spiked samples, of five mineralization procedures applied to faeces, whole duodenal digesta, particulate and liquid phases of duodenal digesta, whole ruminal digesta and ruminal fluid from cattle. Two Holstein-Friesian heifers, fitted with permanent ruminal and duodenal cannulae, and fed twice daily on barley straw and a concentrate (15:85), were used as sample donors. Cr and Yb were added to the samples at 5, 25, 125 and 625 µg g −1 dry matter, and analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry. There were differences in marker recovery (p = 0.0481) depending on the mineralization procedure utilized but their performance was not affected by marker type (p = 0.6143). The interaction between type of sample and digestion procedure was statistically significant (p = 0.0290) and the results showed that homogeneous samples (whole duodenal digesta, the particulate phase of duodenal digesta and faeces) allowed the more even distribution of the marker and an easier and more complete mineralization. In contrast, heterogeneous samples (whole rumen digesta and rumen fluid) resulted in either a lesser attachment of markers to the particles and/or incomplete mineralization of the samples, which resulted in a higher variability between procedures. The interaction between type of sample and marker was also significant (p = 0.0426), with Cr recovery being more affected by type of sample than Yb.

The influence of age and weaning on permeability of the gastrointestinal tract in Holstein bull calves

“…An initial validation was conducted for this study (data not shown) and results corroborated with Zhang et al (2013). Each day, total urine weight was measured and a 40-mL sample was obtained and frozen at −20°C until being analyzed for Cr concentration as described by Vicente et al (2004) using atomic absorption (iCE 3000 series, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, MA).…”

Effects of replacing canola meal as the major protein source with wheat dried distillers grains with solubles on ruminal function, microbial protein synthesis, omasal flow, and milk production in cows

“…The LP, SP, and FP samples were freeze-dried and then ground through a 1-mm screen (Christy-Norris mill) before Yb, Cr, and iNDF analysis. To determine Cr and Yb concentrations, a 1-g sample of each of the 3 phases (LP, SP, and FP) was combusted at 550°C for 8 h in a muffle furnace (AOAC, 1990) before nitric acid digestion as described by Vicente et al (2004). Subsequently, Cr concentration was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (Perkin Elmer 2300, Perkin-Elmer Corp., Norwalk, CT), whereas Yb concentration was quantified by atomic emission spectroscopy (Varian Spectra 220, Varian, Mulgrave, Australia).…”

Polyethylene glycol compared with ytterbium oxide as a total faecal output marker to predict organic matter intake of dairy ewes fed indoors or at pasture

“…This explanation may also apply to the daily excretion pattern of other markers and partly explain the different marker recoveries observed in various situations. Variations of marker recoveries may also occur depending on the analytical procedure used (Vicente et al, 2004). In P2, OMI PEGm87 , OMI PEGm98 and OMI Yb did not differ, but OMI PEGm87 was closer to OMI obs than OMI PEGm98 , suggesting that the recovery of PEG was slightly lower with fresh forage, as previously observed with dairy ewes on IRG pasture plus hay and concentrate (Caja et al, 2009), with green oat-vetch (Hassoun et al, 2013), and with fresh natural grassland (Andueza et al, 2013).…”