Performance of nitrogen-containing macroporous carbon supported cobalt catalyst synthesized through in-situ construction of catalytic sites for oxygen reduction reaction

He, Fan; Yang, Jun; Li, Rui; Liu, Bin Hong; Li, Zhou Peng

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.10.041

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…It was found that the S−O and C−S−C peaks of the APC significantly shifted to the higher binding energy after PS absorption, revealing that S−O and C−S−C sites were bonded with PS species. Like the N‐PC,, the APC presented graphitic‐, pyrrolic‐, and pyridinic‐N sites. However, N1s peak changed insignificantly after PS absorption (Figure b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Hydrolysis of glucose generated 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (5‐HMF) containing both aldehyde and alcohol functional groups ,. The aldehyde group in 5‐HMF then reacted with amino group from thiourea to form GT resin through condensation polymerization.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The elemental analysis results were tabulated in Table , obtained from XPS analysis. Instead of the use of thiourea, glucose‐urea resin was prepared via reaction of glucose with urea for synthesis of the N‐PC precursor ,. Without thiourea addition, hydrophobic porous carbon (HPC) was obtained for comparison.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Situ Synthesis of Li₂S‐Loaded amphiphilic Porous Carbon and Modification of the Li₂S Electrode for Long‐Life Li₂S Batteries

Wang

Cai

et al. 2017

ChemElectroChem

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A strategy to construct amphiphilic inner surfaces with hydrophilic N, SÀO and CÀSÀC sites in porous carbon is presented for applications in Li 2 S batteries. The amphiphilic porous carbon (APC) with high wettability, specific surface area, and polysulfide (PS) absorption ability is obtained through the pyrolysis of a glucoseÀthiourea resin with a nano-CaCO 3 template. Furthermore, a Li 2 S-loaded APC is developed in which Li 2 SO 4 is employed instead of CaCO 3 . Li 2 SO 4 is not only a reactant for Li 2 S production, but also functions as a template to form mesopores.Sulfur blending in the Li 2 S electrode successfully improves the electrode activation. The initial capacity decay is suppressed significantly after the Li 2 S electrode is modified with a protective layer composed of polyethylene oxide and polybenzimidazole. The first discharge capacity reaches 1082 mAh g À1 Li 2 S (equivalent to 1554 mAh g À1 S). The resultant Li 2 S battery exhibits excellent cyclability. A discharge capacity as high as 565 mAh g À1 is retained after 300 cycles at a discharge rate of 0.5 C. A rate capacity of 376 mAh g À1 is achieved at 5 C.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Situ Synthesis of Li₂S‐Loaded amphiphilic Porous Carbon and Modification of the Li₂S Electrode for Long‐Life Li₂S Batteries

Wang

Cai

et al. 2017

ChemElectroChem

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“…The hierarchical macroporous carbon (MPC) was synthesized as previously reported [31,32]. Sulfur-loaded MPC (S/MPC) was prepared via calcination of the ball-milled mixture of sulfur and MPC with a mass ratio of 7:3 at 155 C for 4 h in N 2 atmosphere [16].…”

Section: Methods and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi functional binder with lithium ion conductive polymer and polysulfide absorbents to improve cycleability of lithium–sulfur batteries

Cai

Liu

et al. 2015

Journal of Power Sources

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“…Furthermore, the aim of the whole field is the development of low cost materials with high electrochemical activity and stability, as shows the recurrent appeal for using less expensive materials. 4,13,[19][20][21][22][23][24] In this context, we propose an alternative method to normalize electrochemical currents and power densities based on the cost of the catalysts. This method is versatile since the results can be easily modified considering the price of the catalyst in the past, present and even in the near future.…”

Section: -13mentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Time-Dependent Performance of Nanocatalysts in Fuel Cells Based on a Cost-Normalization Approach

Zanata¹,

Fernández²,

Santos³

et al. 2016

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Researchers have developed new catalysts for fuel cells (FC), whose performances are compared after applying different normalization procedures. However, there is not a standard procedure. The current produced from CO electrooxidation was compared for Pt 4 Ru 5 Sn 1 /C and homemade Pt/C nanoparticles (NPs) normalized by different methods and the use of different methods renders different interpretations. Since the whole field aims to maximize the cost-effectiveness, a complementary method to normalize currents and power in terms of the total cost of the nanocatalyst, the Catalyst-based Cost method (CbC), was proposed. CbC considers the cost of all metals employed to build the catalyst, not only those ones with available surfaces. By applying a simple smoothing method on the prices in a time series, we were able to forecast the prices and consequently the power density of a FC. CbC provides tools for industrials forecast the designing of nanomaterials with improved efficiency and low cost.Keywords: fuel cell, catalyst, normalization of current and power, cost of metal, forecasting activity IntroductionThe continuous growth of the energy demand opened a wide field of research for energy converters, among which fuel cells have been exhaustively studied. Fuel cells can produce energy with low environmental impact since they generate power by the oxidation of a fuel at the anode and reduction of O 2 at the cathode. Fuel cells can be fed by H 2 or small alcohols, as methanol and ethanol. The catalysts, both anodes and cathodes, are mainly based on Pt, which is historically an expensive material.1 This is the main reason why many efforts have been made to replace Pt (at least partially) in catalysts used in fuel cells.When a new nanoparticle catalyst is produced, the normalization of the electrochemical current generated by its use is imperative in electrocatalysis, since this procedure allows distinct surfaces to be directly compared for a given reaction in terms of their intrinsic electroactivities. In this context, different normalization methods generate multiple interpretations about the activity of a catalyst. This lack of consensus hinders the comparison of different materials in terms of their electrochemical performances and generates impasses that prevent a faster development of the research area.A method commonly used consists in normalizing the currents by the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA), which is highly useful but not easily accessed for many materials. For Pt-based catalysts (as PtRu/C Zanata et al. 1981 Vol. 27, No. 11, 2016 and PtRuSn/C) the ECSA is sometimes estimated by the charge involved in the H desorption region.2-5 For Pd-based catalysts, the ECSA is usually calculated by the charge involved in the reduction of a PdO monolayer. [6][7][8] The main concern about using the ECSA for multi-metallic catalysts calculated by these methods lies on the fact that the metal lattice parameter suffers intense modifications when an additional element is inserted into its structure. 9,10 In t...

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Performance of nitrogen-containing macroporous carbon supported cobalt catalyst synthesized through in-situ construction of catalytic sites for oxygen reduction reaction

Cited by 22 publications

References 43 publications

In Situ Synthesis of Li₂S‐Loaded amphiphilic Porous Carbon and Modification of the Li₂S Electrode for Long‐Life Li₂S Batteries

In Situ Synthesis of Li₂S‐Loaded amphiphilic Porous Carbon and Modification of the Li₂S Electrode for Long‐Life Li₂S Batteries

A multi functional binder with lithium ion conductive polymer and polysulfide absorbents to improve cycleability of lithium–sulfur batteries

Estimating the Time-Dependent Performance of Nanocatalysts in Fuel Cells Based on a Cost-Normalization Approach

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Performance of nitrogen-containing macroporous carbon supported cobalt catalyst synthesized through in-situ construction of catalytic sites for oxygen reduction reaction

Cited by 22 publications

References 43 publications

In Situ Synthesis of Li2S‐Loaded amphiphilic Porous Carbon and Modification of the Li2S Electrode for Long‐Life Li2S Batteries

In Situ Synthesis of Li2S‐Loaded amphiphilic Porous Carbon and Modification of the Li2S Electrode for Long‐Life Li2S Batteries

A multi functional binder with lithium ion conductive polymer and polysulfide absorbents to improve cycleability of lithium–sulfur batteries

Estimating the Time-Dependent Performance of Nanocatalysts in Fuel Cells Based on a Cost-Normalization Approach

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In Situ Synthesis of Li₂S‐Loaded amphiphilic Porous Carbon and Modification of the Li₂S Electrode for Long‐Life Li₂S Batteries

In Situ Synthesis of Li₂S‐Loaded amphiphilic Porous Carbon and Modification of the Li₂S Electrode for Long‐Life Li₂S Batteries