In Situ Synthesis of Li₂S‐Loaded amphiphilic Porous Carbon and Modification of the Li₂S Electrode for Long‐Life Li₂S Batteries

Abstract

A strategy to construct amphiphilic inner surfaces with hydrophilic N, SÀO and CÀSÀC sites in porous carbon is presented for applications in Li 2 S batteries. The amphiphilic porous carbon (APC) with high wettability, specific surface area, and polysulfide (PS) absorption ability is obtained through the pyrolysis of a glucoseÀthiourea resin with a nano-CaCO 3 template. Furthermore, a Li 2 S-loaded APC is developed in which Li 2 SO 4 is employed instead of CaCO 3 . Li 2 SO 4 is not only a reactant for Li 2 S production, but also functions as a template to form mesopores.Sulfur blending in the Li 2 S electrode successfully improves the electrode activation. The initial capacity decay is suppressed significantly after the Li 2 S electrode is modified with a protective layer composed of polyethylene oxide and polybenzimidazole. The first discharge capacity reaches 1082 mAh g À1 Li 2 S (equivalent to 1554 mAh g À1 S). The resultant Li 2 S battery exhibits excellent cyclability. A discharge capacity as high as 565 mAh g À1 is retained after 300 cycles at a discharge rate of 0.5 C. A rate capacity of 376 mAh g À1 is achieved at 5 C.

In Situ Localized Polysulfide Injector for the Activation of Bulk Lithium Sulfide

“…Lithium sulfide (Li 2 S) as an alternative Li-ion source for sulfur-based batteries has received considerable attention in the past years . However, the electronically insulating nature of chunky commercial Li 2 S particles results in an enormous first-charge overpotential and poor material utilization .…”

3D Cellulose Graphene Aerogel with Self‐Redox CeO2 as Li2S Host for High‐Performance Li–S Battery

“…Li 2 S‐CGA shows a high Coulumbic efficiency, which can be attributed to the 3D‐connected carbon matrix of CGA. [ 62 ] The sharp comparison is that the Li 2 S‐CGA/CeO 2 possesses a smaller polarization level and a higher discharge specific capacity. More profoundly, Li 2 S‐CGA/CeO 2 composite electrode shows two stable discharge plateaus even at the high current of 2C.…”

Advanced engineering strategies for Li2S cathodes in lithium–sulfur batteries

“…Wang et al demonstrated this approach by creating a Li 2 S@APC precursor through spray-drying a Li 2 SO 4 -enhanced glucose-thiourea resin solution. 71 However, the resulting products were mostly distributed in micron sizes, and the Li 2 S particles were still relatively large. To address this issue, researchers integrated carbon nanotubes (CNT) into the polymer, successfully preventing the agglomeration of Li 2 S nanoparticles by introducing N, S, and O atoms as the LiPS-friendly active sites.…”